Abstract
PurposeThis study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of various techniques to fill root canals of primary teeth by volumetric analysis using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) to assess percentage of obturated volume (POV), percentage volume of voids (PVV), and depth-of-fill.MethodologyRoot canals in 40 extracted deciduous maxillary incisors were instrumented with H-files to size 35 and volume of the canal measured using CBCT under “On Demand 3D AppTM Software” (Cybermed Inc. Medical 3D imaging software). The teeth were divided into four groups of 10 samples each and root filled by Lentulo spiral mounted on slow-speed hand-piece, NaviTip System, Bi-directional spiral and Combination method i.e. Lentulo spiral mounted on slow speed hand-piece followed by NaviTip syringe respectively, after that depth-of-fill for each group was checked. Then, the filled canal volume was measured using CBCT under “On Demand 3D AppTM Software”. Further, the (POV), (PVV) was calculated.Statistical analysisThe data were statistically analysed using one-way ANOVA, Turkey post Hoc test and Pearson’s Chi-square test.Clinical significanceAdequate adaptation of root canal filling material decreases the chance of microorganism regrowth, reinfection due to voids creation and minimizes the potential drawback of overfilling like foreign body reaction or deflection of the unerupted permanent tooth.ResultsThe four groups were comparable in canal volume. The overall percentage of obturated volume was 53%, 59.7%, 40.3% and 75.1%; the overall percentage volume of voids was 48%, 40.3%, 58.6%, 29.5%; optimally filled canals for each group was 80%, 60%, 30% and 90% respectively (p < 0.05).ConclusionThe greatest percentage of obturated volume and maximum number of optimally filled canals was obtained in method combining both Lentulo spiral in slow speed hand piece along with NaviTip system. Whereas, voids were the constant finding with all root fillings.How to cite this article: Sijeria P, Bhartia R, Swamy KVN, Kulkarni S, Singla S. Evaluation of Root Canal Filling in Primary Teeth by Volumetric Analysis: In Vitro Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent, 2018;11(5):386-392.
Highlights
The main objective of pulpectomy procedure in primary teeth is to fill the root throughout its length without gross over extension or underfilling[1] and to avoid the creation of voids or gaps in the paste.[2,3,4] The prognosis of pulp therapy in primary teeth depends on the quality of obturating material and obturation technique.[5,6,7,8]Several approaches have been used to evaluate root canal filling quality in vivo and in vitro
The greatest percentage of obturated volume and maximum number of optimally filled canals was obtained in method combining both Lentulo spiral in slow speed hand piece along with NaviTip system
The filling quality was evaluated based on the (POV), (PVV), and Depth-of-fill
Summary
The main objective of pulpectomy procedure in primary teeth is to fill the root throughout its length without gross over extension or underfilling[1] and to avoid the creation of voids or gaps in the paste.[2,3,4] The prognosis of pulp therapy in primary teeth depends on the quality of obturating material and obturation technique.[5,6,7,8]Several approaches have been used to evaluate root canal filling quality in vivo and in vitro. The most common methods are conventional and digital radiography, but clinical radiographs are only 2-dimensional (2D) reproduction with difficulties in distinguishing feature superimposed onto each other.[9] This study has used Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) for calculating the volume of root canal filling as it is an accurate and nondestructive method. This in vitro-study was undertaken to make a 3-dimensional (3D) comparison of the filling quality of some most accepted filling techniques i.e. Lentulo spiral on slow speed handpiece (Dentsply Maillefer),[10,11,12] NaviTip system (Ultradent Products, Inc. South Jordon, Utah, USA)[10,13] Bi-directional spiral (EZfill R EDSR USA)[14,15,16] and a combination method i.e., Lentulo spiral along with NaviTip system to get the qualities of both the techniques in extracted primary maxillary incisors by volumetric analysis using CBCT with On-Demand 3D AppTM Software. The filling quality was evaluated based on the (POV), (PVV), and Depth-of-fill
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