Abstract
Introduction Nephrotoxicity is the most common and severe side effect of cisplatin. Cisplatin causes nephrotoxicity through free radical production and debilitating cellular antioxidant capacity. Coffee is a commonly consumed drink and its ingredients have antioxidant roles that could bring benefits to patients affected by nephrotoxicity. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the renoprotective effects of our locally grown green coffee beans against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in Swiss albino mice. Methods The posttest only control group design was employed on a total of thirty male Swiss albino mice. The mice were divided into five groups: group I (normal control group) received distilled water; group II (negative control group) received distilled water; and groups III–V (treatment groups) received 100, 200, and 300 mg/kg BW/day of green coffee bean extract for 14 days, respectively. Nephrotoxicity was induced in groups II–V by a single intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin (7.5 mg/kg). All mice were sacrificed after 14 days and blood was drawn to evaluate kidney function tests (serum creatinine and serum blood urea nitrogen). Besides, body weight, relative kidney weight, and kidney histopathology were investigated. Result Our results showed that treatment of cisplatin alone (group II mice) significantly increased serum creatinine, serum blood urea nitrogen, relative kidney weight, and pathological damage to the kidney with a decrease in final body weight. However, low-dose green coffee beans (group III), medium-dose green coffee beans (group IV), and high-dose green coffee beans (group V) mice showed a significant dose-dependent decrease in serum creatinine, serum blood urea nitrogen, and relative kidney weight. Furthermore, the dose-dependent treatment with green coffee bean extract prevented the decrease in body weight gain and pathological damage to the kidney in mice. Conclusion Our locally grown green coffee beans brought a dose-dependent ameliorative effect and a promising preventive approach against cisplatin-induced kidney damage in mice.
Highlights
Nephrotoxicity is the most common and severe side effect of cisplatin
Drugs, endogenous metabolites that are important for maintaining physiological homeostasis, exogenous and endogenous toxins, and nutrients are all eliminated by the kidney as a net effect of glomerular filtration, tubular secretion, renal metabolism, and reabsorption [3]
Kidney damage may progress to Acute kidney injury BUN (AKI) or CKD [4]. e period of renal function deterioration is a baseline to make a distinction between AKI and CKD
Summary
Kidney diseases are known to be public health problems affecting more than 750 million people worldwide. The relationship between the consumption of coffee and the risk of renal damage cannot be adequately studied, several studies have shown that coffee consumption has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity; it may protect against kidney damage that could be caused by inflammation, apoptosis, and oxidation stress [27, 28]. Such studies and reports are lacking in our country on the renoprotective effects of green coffee beans, especially on our local species on drug-induced nephrotoxicity disease models. Erefore, the current study was planned to investigate the renoprotective effects of our locally grown green coffee beans against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in Swiss albino mice
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