Abstract
Late blight caused by Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary, is one of the most significant constraints to potato production in Bale high lands and other regions of Ethiopia. Hence, this requires to develop high yielding and late blight resistant varieties. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine host resistance of potato against Phytophthora infestans in order to develop late blight resistant/tolerant genotypes. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications at Sinana Agricultural Research Center during 2014 main cropping season. The genotypes showed highly significant (P<0.01) differences for all the characters studied. Genotypes exhibited wide ranges of mean values for all characters. The highest total tuber yield (46.1 t ha-1) was obtained from the advanced clone, CIP-392640.524 followed by Belete (41 t ha-1). Late blight appeared early on farmer's cultivar Kellacho (48 days after planting) and late on advanced clones CIP- 399062.102(74 days after planting). Percent severity index (PSI) and area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) ranged from 33.91 to 91.67% and 105 to 2370, respectively. Eleven newly introduced clones and the released variety "Belete" recorded PSI 33 to 39.7% and AUDPC 105 to 264.1. Hence, these genotypes can be categorized as moderately resistant. The study revealed the presence of considerable variability in tested genotypes for economically important traits and the higher chance of selecting genotypes with high yield and moderately resistant to late blight. However, it appears that further evaluation of genotypes across seasons and locations to identify genotypes that could be released as varieties seem to be quite pertinent.Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 6 (1): 21-25, June, 2016
Highlights
Potato late blight, caused by the Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary, is one of the primary problems faced by small-scale potato producers in high lands of Ethiopia
Addisu et al (2013) and Baye (2002) reported some of the newly introduced potato genotypes had higher tuber yield than the existing commercial potato varieties. This indicated the presence of variation in genotypes under study for total tuber yield that can be exploited in improving the crop
The present study revealed the existence of variability for tuber yield and resistance to late blight
Summary
Potato late blight, caused by the Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary, is one of the primary problems faced by small-scale potato producers in high lands of Ethiopia. In the highlands of Ethiopia, late blight and bacterial wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum) are the most important economic diseases that cause an estimated yield loss of up to 70% (Shiferaw et al, 2009). The search for genetic resistance to late blight has intensified, since it is a practical and economic way of controlling the disease. The resistant variety development, which involves evaluation, selection, release and registration procedures pass through several stages. Some countries such as Ethiopia, the potato breeding programs depend entirely on CIP materials. The introduced genotypes need to be evaluated for target areas or for wide adaptability across regions in the country. This study was conducted to determine host resistance of potato against Phytophthora infestans and to develop late blight resistant/tolerant genotypes
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