Evaluation of hematological parameters of small ruminants affected by zoonoses at the municipal abattoir of Korhogo (Côte d'Ivoire)

Breast cancer (BC) is the most popular and dangerous cancer, with a high mortality rate. Hematological parameters are often used in routine diagnosis of numerous disorders. Therefore, the study aimed to evaluate hematological parameters amongst women with and without BC. Briefly, 200 blood samples (100 cases and 100 controls) were collected at Life Center of Breast Cancer Control, Ibb City, Yemen. The whole blood samples were tested immediately for complete blood count (CBC) parameters. Socio-demographic and reproductive characteristics were collected by using a standardized questionnaire. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Unpaired t-test, Mann-Whitney test, Fisher's exact test and chi-square test for trends were calculated using GraphPad Prism 8.0.1. P-values ≤0.05 were statistically significant. The mean and standard deviation (SD) revealed significant differences between BC group and the healthy control group attributed to the variables of age (P<0.0001), weight (P<0.0001), residence (P=0.0218), employment state (P<0.0001), economic state (P=0.0003), education levels (P<0.0001), regular exercise (P<0.0001) and a strict diet (P<0.0008). Marital state, marital age, number of births, and use of contraceptives demonstrated statistical significance (P<0.0001, P=0.0008, P=0.0009, and P<0.0001, respectively). Additionally, Hb, RBCs, WBCs count, neutrophils, lymphocytes and monocytes displayed significant differences (P=0.0393, P=0.0045, P=0.0327, P=0.0441, P=0.0098 and P<0.0001, respectively). Hb, RBCs, WBCs, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes and other parameters scored high points of evidence for BC surveillance. Further studies are required to evaluate hematological parameter differences and biochemical parameters after or during chemotherapy or mastectomy.

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is a prevalent condition known to affect various hematological and biochemical parameters. Understanding its prevalence and associated blood parameter alterations can provide valuable insights into its clinical implications. Objective: To determine the prevalence of H. pylori infection in District Peshawar KP and its association with complete blood count (CBC) and biochemical parameters to establish a clear relationship between H. pylori infection and these variables. Methods: A longitudinal investigation involved 300 individuals from District Peshawar KP. Blood samples were collected from positive and negative participants for H. pylori infection. These samples were analyzed for various hematological and biochemical parameters, including red blood cell (RBC) count, hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), white blood cell (WBC) count, platelet count (PLT), vitamin D levels, urea, and serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGPT/ALT) levels. Statistical analysis was performed to identify significant associations. Results: The prevalence of H. pylori infection was 57.7% (n=173), with 42.3% (n=122) testing negative. Gender distribution showed 39.7% males (n=119) and 60.3% females (n=181). Age distribution included 17.3% (n=52) aged 2-20 years, 48.5% (n=146) aged 21-40 years, 28.3% (n=85) aged 41-60 years, 5% (n=15) aged 61-80 years, and 0.7% (n=2) over 80 years. Hematological parameters were as follows: RBC count 4 ± 3.1 × 10^6/µL, Hb concentration 13.4 ± 1.64 g/dL, MCV 81 ± 7.8 fL, MCH 27 ± 3.8 pg, MCHC 33.9 ± 24.9 g/dL, WBC count 10 ± 12 × 10^3/µL, and PLT count 30 ± 83 × 10^3/µL. Significant relationships (p &lt; 0.05) were observed between H. pylori infection and alterations in these blood parameters. Vitamin D levels averaged 39 ± 21, and ALT levels were significantly higher in H. pylori-positive cases (32.7 ± 14). Conclusion: This study demonstrates a significant prevalence of H. pylori infection in District Peshawar KP and its association with various hematological and biochemical parameters. The findings suggest that H. pylori infection may have notable effects on blood parameters, highlighting the need for further research to understand the clinical implications and to guide future studies in this area.

Background: Malignant mammary tumors in humans and bitches cause hematological disorders such as anemia, erythrocytosis, thrombocytosis, hyperproteinemia, and leucopenia. Novel studies have been conducted on the predictive and prognostic values of platelet (PLT) indices in human breast cancer (HBC). However, there is little information about the alterations in hematological parameters in canine mammary tumors (CMTs). The aims of this study were to evaluate the platelet indices and complete blood count (CBC) parameters in bitches with and without mammary tumor and to assess the above mentioned parameters with regard to histological tumor types and grades.Materials, Methods &amp; Results: A total of 71 bitches were enrolled in this study. The bitches in the study group were divided into 2 groups which consisted of malignant epithelial mammary tumors (group EMT; n = 43) and malignant mixed mammary tumors (group MMT; n = 12). Control group (group C) consisted of clinically and gynaecologically healthy 16 bitches. Blood samples were obtained to perform the CBC and PLT indices analysis. Histopathological examinations were carried out under a light microscope. Histological tumor types and malignancy grades were classified. The bitches with mammary tumor showed significantly increased PLT values and decreased hematocrit (HCT), hemoglobin (HGB) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) values versus the healthy ones, regardless of the tumor type. However, in comparisons with the group C, mean platelet volume (MPV) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) values were different only in the group MMT, while plateletcrit (PCT) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) values were different only in the group EMT. Also white blood cell (WBC), PLT and PCT values were higher than the referenced laboratory ranges in grade 3 tumors. In the presented study, MPV was considerably correlated with PLT, platelet distribution width (PDW) and PCT. Also, PCT and PLT had high sensitivity and specificity to distinct EMT and MMT from the healthy bitches.Discussion: Microcytic and hypochromic anemia occurs due to the decrease in the amount of HGB. Levels of MCV, MCH, and MCHC in the HBC group were reported to be significantly lower than in humans without breast cancer. Although anemia did not occur in EMT and MMT groups, obtained significances in the HCT, HGB, MCV, MCH, and MCHC levels between the bitches with and without mammary tumor were in line with the previous reports. In this study, WBC levels in grade 3 tumors were significantly higher than grade1 tumors (P &lt; 0.05). Whereas levels of WBC in grade 1 and grade 2 tumors were in referenced laboratory ranges, it was higher in grade 3. Increased level of WBC in grade 3 was supposed to be due to the rise in malignancy as previously reported. Thrombocytosis was detected in 48.83% and 41.66% of the bitches in EMT and MMT groups, respectively. The higher percentage of CMTs with thrombocytosis in this study might be due to the difference in referenced upper limit of PLT in previous studies. The elapsed time between tumor formation and clinical presentation could be another influencing factor. Although PLT and PCT values were not significant according to the histological grading in this study, both parameters were found to be higher in grade 3 than the normal reference values. Further studies conducted with higher populations may lead the differences in these parameters to significance. With the support of further studies, alterations in the above mentioned parameters in bitches may contribute in the diagnosis process, management of treatment and may constitute an easy way to have an idea about the prognosis of mammary tumors.

Purpose: Radiation workers are exposed to chronic effects due to long-term exposure to low levels of ionizing radiation. One of the biological indicators to evaluate these chronic radiation effects is the study of the hematopoietic system. The purpose of this study is to compare the changes in blood parameters of radiology staff and staff of other wards of the hospital. Materials and Methods: In this study, 47 radiology staff working in the radiology department of the hospital as the study group and 94 personnel in other departments as the control group were included. Demographic data including age, gender, and work experience were obtained. Hematological parameters were extracted from the complete blood count tests of participants. Results: The results of this study showed that the Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH) and Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) parameters significantly decreased in the male study group, whereas no significant differences were observed in the blood parameters of the female study group in comparison to those of the control group. There was a significant positive correlation between the parameters of Hemoglobin and age. There was a significant negative correlation between work experience and white blood cells, while there was a significant positive correlation between work experience and Hemoglobin. Conclusion: Correlation between collective absorbed dose and changes in blood parameters is suggested for future studies. Based on the results of this study and other studies, it can be concluded that long-term exposure to low levels of radiation may change blood parameters. Therefore, regular and periodic complete blood count tests along with absorbed dose monitoring of radiation workers are recommended.

The objective of this study was to explore whether Vitamin C or selenium could be protective against the toxic effect of lead acetate. To achieve this purpose, certain hematological and biochemical parameters were studied. Twenty male albino rats (Rattus norvegicus), weighing about 130-150 gram were used. The rats were divided into four groups, each group included five rats. The first group was the control, the second group was administrated orally lead acetate (20 mg / kg of the body weight / day/four weeks), the third group was administrated orally with the same dose of lead acetate plus vitamin C (50 mg/kg body weight/ day/four weeks), the fourth group was given the same dose of lead acetate as the second group and plus sodium selenate in a dose of (0.1 mg /kg body weight/ day/four weeks). Food and water were allowed adlibitum for all the groups. The experimental period was four weeks. The results showed that there was a significant decrease in hematological indices studied in the second group (red blood count, white blood count, and hemoglobin concentration and haematocrit value) after the administration of lead acetate. Moreover, there were higher significantly increase in serum glucose, total lipids, cholesterol, urea and creatinine compared with the control group. The third group showed improvement in the hematological parameters,(red blood& white blood count ,hemoglobin concentration and haematocrit value ).Also improvement in the biochemical parameters of serum glucose ,total lipids ,cholesterol ,urea and creatinine compared to second group. The fourth group showed significant improvement compared with the second group. In addition, a significant decrease in serum glucose, total lipids, total cholesterol, urea and creatinine were found of this group. In conclusion, the results of different parameters studied in rats received orally vitamin C or selenium showed improvement compared with the rats orally received lead.

Background: Meconium stained amniotic fluid is an indirect marker of fetal hypoxia. Fetal hypoxia affects bone marrow and affects production of cell lines. Indirect marker of erythropoietin activity is nucleated red blood cells count. Aim of the study is to compare hematological parameter in newborn born with meconium stained liquor and clear amniotic fluid. Also, to determine cut off levels of nucleated RBC as marker of fetal hypoxia in meconium stained amniotic fluid(MSAF).Methods: The study was conducted over a period of 2 years from January 2012 to January 2014 in Department of Pediatrics, Sri Aurobindo medical college and hospital, Indore. One hundred newborns with meconium stained amniotic fluid (study group) and one hundred newborns with clear amniotic fluids (control group) were studied in this period. Cord blood samples were collected and hematological parameters were compared.Results: Hemoglobin % and WBC counts were seen in study group in comparison to control group, which is statistically significant (P&lt;0.05). The reported NRBC/100 WBC between the two groups was statistically analyzed. The mean NRBC count in study group were 8.09±6.09 which was statistically higher than the corresponding values in control group 2.07±2.25 (P&lt;0.05).Conclusions: Study concluded that the hemoglobin levels , WBC and NRBC counts in babies with meconium stained amniotic fluid is higher than those babies delivered with clear amniotic fluid and NRBC can be taken as a surrogate marker of hypoxia in a resource limited setting.

The present study aims to investigate the effects of golden nanoparticles (AuNPs) alone or with the administration of the emetic drug (domperidone) on some hematological parameters of pregnant rabbits. In this study, twenty pregnant rabbits, were collected and divided into four groups (n = 5 in each group) as follows: the control group allow to drink 1 ml / kg of distilled water orally, the G1 group received an injected dose (i.m) of 150µg / kg of AuNPs, while the G2 group was treated with 300 µg /kg of the domperidone. The combined group (G3) received both AuNPs injected and domperidone orally (150µg / kg and 300 µg /kg, respectively). Blood samples were taken from each animal at (0, 15, 30 and 40) days of experimental periods to test hematological parameters (WBC count, RBC count, hemoglobin level (HGB) and Hematocrit percentage (HCT), which were calculated by using hematology analyzer. The results of the study demonstrated that there is no significant difference in WBC, RBC counts, hemoglobin, and hematocrit levels between the AuNPs and domperidone groups and the Control and G3 groups. As well as, there is no effect between periods for each group in these parameters in blood of pregnant rabbits. Thus, it is concluded that injected of AuNPs has no toxic effect on blood, as well as, the domperidone has same effect on blood.

In the farms of our country, including in the Krasnodar Territory, the infectious disease mancheimiosis in sheep and goats has been established, which previously did not exist. Clinical signs of respiratory system disease were found in animals on the farm. When observed, depression, fever, refusal of food, cough, respiratory disorders, shortness of breath, then mucous and purulent discharge from the nasal cavity were detected. Within 5-7 days after the appearance of clinical signs of the disease, such animals died, and individual animals died within 12-24 hours. Mastitis was observed in sick sheep and goats, while the mammary gland had a blue color. Upon autopsy of the corpses of dead animals, various pathomorphological changes in the organs of the respiratory system were found in all of them. Spotty and spotty hemorrhages were detected in the nasal cavity, hemorrhages were detected on the mucous membranes of the larynx, trachea, pleural, abdominal surface, endocardium, epicardium. In addition, fibrinous bronchopneumonia, pulmonary edema, pleurisy, accumulation of foamy fluid in the trachea and bronchi, gastritis, conjunctivitis, keratitis and other changes were detected. At the same time, an accumulation of foamy exudate from pieces of fibrin in the bronchi and trachea, an increase in bronchial and mediastinal lymph nodes, hemorrhages on the pericardium, endocardium, catarrhal and hemorrhagic inflammation of the rennet and conjunctiva of the eye were detected in the bronchi and trachea. The diagnosis was carried out comprehensively, taking into account bacteriological studies. The pathogenic species Mannheimia haemolytica was isolated from the pathomaterial of sick and dead sheep and goats. Primers were obtained in the laboratory to identify the genome of the pathogen Mannheimia haemolytica in farm animals (small cattle) during PCR diagnostics.

Variations in maternal blood parameters, which are mostly induced by the physiological changes that occur during pregnancy, have been reported in different gestational periods. The use of the established reference intervals for healthy adult females leads to the misclassification of healthy pregnant women as abnormal. Our aim was to establish appropriate reference intervals for biochemical, haematological and haemostatic parameters in the first and third trimesters of pregnancy. We included 565 healthy pregnant women with normal pregnancies. Blood samples were collected for biochemical analyses, complete blood counts and coagulation analyses at 8-12 and 28-37 weeks of gestation. The median and reference intervals (the 2.5th and 97.5th values) were calculated for each parameter during pregnancy and then compared to the established reference intervals for healthy adult females. Significant increases in triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, uric acid, alkaline phosphatase, white blood cell, mean platelet volume, fibrinogen and D-dimer reference intervals and clear decreases in total protein, albumin, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, red blood cell, haemoglobin, haematocrit, platelet counts and thrombin time reference intervals were observed during pregnancy. According to the 'n%', most changes were observed beginning in the first trimester. Compared to the established reference intervals, the greatest misclassifications were observed for ALB, ALP and D-Di. Changes in maternal blood parameters during pregnancy were confirmed. We recommend that the reference intervals for most blood parameters be revised to account for the gestational period.

BackgroundEnterovirus E (EV-E) has been called bovine enterovirus and has been found in both healthy animals and sick animals. To date, the pathogenicity of EV-E in goats is still unclear, and the natural infection of EV-E in goats has not been reported in China. In this study, natural infections of EV-E in goat herds were reported in China.ResultsFrom March 2023 to April 2023, an emerging respiratory disease affected goats in 12 backyard farms in Henan Province, central China. To investigate the pathogens associated with the disease, samples were collected: sick group included six lung samples from dead goats and 68 nasal swabs and 68 blood samples from sick goats; health group included 36 nasal swabs and 36 blood samples from healthy goats in the same farms; control group included 15 nasal swabs and 15 blood samples from healthy goats in five different farms. Then, these samples were analysed by serology, isolation and molecular detection methods. By molecular detection, 83.3% (5/6) of lung samples, 51.5% (35/68) of nasal samples, and 33.8% (23/68) of blood samples were positive for EV-E in sick group. Four complete EV-E genomes were successfully sequenced and analysed. Compared with genomic sequences of EV A-J, at the nucleotide level the similarities of VP1, P1 and polyprotein genes of the 4 strains were 35.3% to 80.4%, 40.2% to 79.3%, and 49.5% to 82.0%, respectively. At the amino acid level, the similarities of VP1, P1 and Polyprotein were 38.4% to 87.1%, 42.9% to 88.7%, and 51.4% to 91.6%, respectively. Based on the VP1, P1 and Polyprotein sequences, the four strains were clustered with the subtype EV-E4 isolates. In addition, no recombinant event was observed in the four strains in our work by RDP analysis.ConclusionsThis is the first molecular evidence of natural infection of genotype E4 in goats with respiratory disease in China. Greater prevention and control measures should be carried out for this disease.

This study investigated the association between hematological parameters, allergy, and eczema in a population from Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf Governorate, Iraq. Blood samples were collected from individuals with eczema, allergies, and healthy controls. Complete blood count (CBC) and serum IgE levels were analyzed. Results demonstrated significant variations in hematological parameters across different groups. Occupation, age, and disease status influenced these parameters. For instance, farmers exhibited higher IgE levels, while government employees had elevated WBC counts. Eczema patients showed age-related differences in blood parameters, with younger individuals presenting higher IgE and WBC levels. Allergy patients also exhibited elevated WBC counts, particularly in children. These findings suggest that hematological parameters may serve as potential biomarkers for allergy and eczema. However, the complex interplay between occupation, age, and disease status highlights the need for further research to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and establish definitive diagnostic or prognostic value.

Serum minerals such as calcium, phosphorous, and magnesium are essential for the skeletal system during bone formation and remodeling as well as fracture repair. Present study was intended to assess the serum biochemical parameters of three of the most important macro minerals (calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium), which are key minerals for bone healing or development in healthy and clinical sick goats. Serum samples were collected from a total of 200 goats (healthy=102, clinically sick=98) from a veterinary hospital and three farms of Chattogram, Bangladesh. The overall mean serum calcium level of healthy goats was 8.47±0.11 mg/dl and in sick goats it was 7.63±0.12 mg/dl, and the value was much lower than the reference value in sick goats. The serum phosphorus and magnesium levels did not vary between the two groups and were within (phosphorus) or close to (magnesium) the range of reference values. In healthy goats, their serum calcium level varied significantly considering age, body weight, sex, feeding type, and owner's income. However, the serum phosphorus and magnesium levels did not vary significantly across the different parameters tested, except for sex and owner's income in the case of phosphorus. Three sick goats had hypocalcemia, which means that their calcium and magnesium levels were lower than the standard values of 5.9±0.5 and 1.9±0.2 mg/dl, respectively. However, their phosphorus levels were normal across all groups of sick goats. In conclusion, the value of an important mineral for bone healing is lower in both sick and healthy goats, which is a frightening sign for bone problems. Most goats have low levels of calcium and magnesium but average levels of phosphorous. Based on these findings, sufficient calcium and magnesium can be added to feed and given orally to further prevent bone fracture. Keywords: Calcium, Clinically sick animals, Feeding type, Indigestion problems, Magnesium, South Asian region.

Anaplasma spp. are significant arthropod-borne bacteria globally, but documented information about anaplasmosis in small ruminants in the north of Iraq is insufficient. Hence, this study was conducted to determine the prevalence of Anaplasma spp. and identify sheep and goat tick vector populations in Sulaymaniyah Governorate, north Iraq. The study population consisted of 470 sheep and 145 goats from 45 livestock farms in 10 geographical locations of Sulaymaniyah Governorate. The study was accomplished from April to December 2017. Blood samples were taken from the jugular vein and used for DNA extraction. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was conducted using primers based on the 16S rRNA of Anaplasma spp. Fragments of PCR products were sequenced for phylogenetic analysis. The prevalence of Anaplasma spp. was 58.9% based on the PCR results. Furthermore, 58.9% of sheep and 57.9% of goats were positive for anaplasmosis. The sequences represented 100% identity with previously documented GenBank isolates of A. ovis from Iran, the Netherlands, China, and Mongolia. Altogether, 150 Ixodid ticks were picked from small ruminants within the same flocks and were identified based on morphological features. Various infestation rates were observed; about 40% of the Ixodid ticks belonged to Rhipicephalus sanguineus, 34% belonged to Rhipicephalus turanicus, 18% were Hyalomma anatolicum, and 8% were Boophilus microplus (Rhipicephalus microplus). The present report is the first molecular study of Anaplasma species in small ruminants from Sulaymaniyah Governorate in northern Iraq to the best of our knowledge. The study concluded that anaplasmosis was endemic in small ruminants from the investigated areas.

Present study was undertaken to characterize Staphylococcus spp. associated with respiratory tract infection in small ruminants. A total of 139 bacterial isolates were recovered from clinically sick and apparently healthy small ruminants. The prevalence rate of Staphylococcus spp. in sick and healthy animals was 44.94 and 24% respectively. The sensitivity pattern of selected antibiotics was similar in both clinically sick and apparently healthy animals except streptomycin and penicillin-G. PCR assay was standardized for the detection of pathogenic genes of Staphylococcus spp. viz. clfA and spa. Among 34 random isolates selected, the prevalence rate of clfA and spa gene was 79.41 and 58.82% respectively indicating their pathogenic potential. In conclusion, Staphylococcus spp. was found to be one of the highly prevalent organism in respiratory tract infections.

BackgroundIn vitro platelet aggregation in feline blood samples is a well-known phenomenon in veterinary clinical laboratories resulting in high numbers of pseudothrombocytopenia. Several attempts have been made to prevent or dissolve platelet aggregates in feline blood samples and to increase the reliability of feline platelet counts. Prostaglandin I2 (PGI2) is the most powerful endogenous inhibitor of platelet aggregation but unstable. Iloprost is a stable PGI2 analogue. The aims of the present study were (1) to evaluate the anti-aggregatory effect of Iloprost on feline platelet counts and to determine a useful concentration to inhibit platelet aggregation in EDTA samples from clinically healthy cats, (2) to investigate the effect of Iloprost on hematological blood parameters, and (3) to determine stability of Iloprost in K3-EDTA tubes for up to 16 weeks. From 20 clinically healthy cats blood was drawn from the jugular vein and immediately distributed in a 1.3 ml K3-EDTA tube, and two 1.3 ml K3-EDTA tubes containing 20 ng and 200 ng Iloprost, respectively. A complete blood cell count was performed on the Sysmex XT-2000iV and the Mythic 18 on eight consecutive time points after collection. Blood smears were evaluated for the presence of PLT aggregates.ResultsIn the absence of Iloprost, pseudothrombocytopenia was observed in 50 % of the investigated samples that led to significantly decreased optical PLT counts by a mean of 105 x103/μl, which could be prevented by the addition of 1 μL (20 ng) Iloprost leading to an increase in PLT counts by a mean of 108 x103/μl.ConclusionThis is the first study showing an anti-aggregatory effect of the PGI2-analogue Iloprost in feline EDTA blood. In all clinically healthy cats investigated, pseudothrombocytopenia was prevented by adding Iloprost to EDTA tubes prior to blood collection. Furthermore, Iloprost was very useful in preventing falsely increased WBC counts in samples with platelet aggregates analyzed on impedance-based hematological instruments. Iloprost is preferable to PGI2 or PGE1 due to its stability and easy and safe handling properties. Cytological evaluations of blood smears as well as other hematological parameters were not influenced to a clinically significant degree by the presence of Iloprost.