Abstract
Biofloc is a new system, little known or applied in Mexico, that offers a high level of sustainability for aquaculture due to its great versatility in terms of nutrient recycling, which enables savings in feed costs and a significant reduction in water exchange. With the objective of evaluating the results of the use of Biofloc in aquaculture, a simulation of an aquaculture facility using Biofloc culture techniques was conducted under controlled laboratory conditions. The use of a combination of shrimp feed and refined sugar as a carbon source enabled the development of floccules, not only enabling the identification of those high-performing organisms and their development in the medium, but also facilitating shrimp capture in order to evaluate growth during each treatment. The treatments were undertaken in two different culture media, one in brackish water and the other in seawater, in which the length and weight of the animals was measured, with their behavior during the bioassay also recorded. It was found that the brackish medium enabled better shrimp development than the seawater medium, provided that the parameters and material in suspension are kept at stable levels, with the former medium providing shrimp an environment rich in food and free of pathogens.
Highlights
The Atlantic white shrimp, Litopenaeus setiferus, is a crustacean widely distributed in the Gulf of Mexico and of great commercial and aquacultural importance, making it one of Mexico’s main fishery resources for export, with the United States, Japan, and Spain comprising its main markets (Arenas, 2006)
The Biofloc was prepared using two 120 lt tanks filled with 100 liters of water, one to a salinity of 35 UPS and the other to a salinity of 16 UPS, to which 10 g of artificial feed in pellet form was added in order to fatten the shrimp via its 35 % protein and 5 gr refined sugar content
The growth results obtained with the commercial feed reveal that the shrimp population fell until arriving at zero, while those subjects that had been fed on the Biofloc-based diets presented gradual increases in weight (Figure 16) (ANOVA F20, 76=4.77, P= P
Summary
The Atlantic white shrimp, Litopenaeus setiferus, is a crustacean widely distributed in the Gulf of Mexico and of great commercial and aquacultural importance, making it one of Mexico’s main fishery resources for export, with the United States, Japan, and Spain comprising its main markets (Arenas, 2006). In terms of total catch volume, it is the third largest fishery in the Gulf of Mexico. Shrimp catches have been falling in the last 25 years, making the search for alternatives that would minimize the impact on the species a matter of the utmost importance for shrimp conservation and to fulfil increasing economic and dietary supply and demand (CONAPESCA, 2012)
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