Abstract
Abstract The broadspectrum soil fumigants methyl bromide-chloropicrin (67-33%) gas mixture at 392 kg/ha, methyl bromide-chloropicrin (67-31%) gel at 246 kg/ha, DD-MENCS at 187 and 327 liters/ha, metham at 748 liters/ha, and the nematicides, phenamiphos at 9 kg/ha and ethylene dibromide (85%) at 56 liters/ha, were evaluated for soil pest control in vegetable transplant production. Methyl bromide-chloropicrin gas mixture and the 2 rates of DD-MENCS increased marketable transplant yields of pepper (Capsium annuum L.), tomato Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) and cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. Capitata group) by 1,235%, 118%, and 29%, respectively, over that of the nontreated. These treatments also increased the fresh weights of plants, reduced populations of Pythium spp., Fusarium spp., plant parasitic nematodes, and weeds. Metham and methyl bromidechloropicrin gel were generally less effective than methyl bromide-chloropicrin gas or DD-MENCS. Neither phenamiphos nor ethylene dibromide reduced root-galls on tomato below detectable levels nor improved the marketable yield of the 3 crops. Fall fumigation provided several advantages over spring fumigation.
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