EVALUATION OF EMOTION REGULATION SKILLS, QUALITY OF LIFE, COPING STYLES, ANXIETY, DEPRESSION AND EATING HABITS IN CHILDREN WITH TYPE 1 DIABETES MELLITUS AND THEIR MOTHERS.

Objective: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common childhood neurodevelopmental disorder. Difficulties in the areas of emotion regulation and empathy were found in prior studies. Mother-child attachment is important in the development of emotion regulation and empathy. We aimed to examine the relation emotional regulation and empathy skills in children with ADHD and emotion regulation and attachment properties in their mothers and to compare with healthy controls. Methods: The study group consisted of 61 children (8-12 years old) diagnosed with ADHD. The control group (87 children) comprised patients of other clinics at hospital and was matched for gender and age to the ADHD patients. The Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Aged Children-Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL) was used to diagnose ADHD and allowed comorbidities. We evaluated disorder severity at the time of assessment using the DuPaul Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder Rating Scale. All patients were treatment-naive. Emotional Regulation Checklist (ERC) and KA-SI empathy scale were used to examine children emotional regulation and empathy. Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) was used to indicate maternal emotional dysregulation status and Experiences in Close Relationship Scale-II was used to evaluate attachment properties in mothers. Results: Children with ADHD had statistical significant lower scores in the areas of affective empathy, cognitive empathy, total empathy score and emotion regulation and cases had statistical significant higher scores in emotion lability. Mothers of children with ADHD had higher scores in anxious and avoidant attachment styles and all subscales of DERS. The correlation between, ADHD symptoms, KA-SI Empathy, ERC, Attachment Scale, and DERS was evaluated by Pearson’s correlation analysis. Negative correlation was found between both attention deficit and hyperactivity scores of Du Paul scale and affective, cognitive empathy scores of KA-SI Emphatic Tendency Scale and emotion regulation scores of ERC; a positive correlation was determined between attention deficit and hyperactivity scores of Du Paul scale, mothers’ anxious and avoidant attachment and DERS total scores, and emotional lability scores of ERC. Discussion: Mother-child attachment and maternal emotion regulation skills have important roles in the emotion regulation and empathy skills of children. Better understanding of neuropsychologic development process of attachment, empathy and emotion regulation skills and their relations with each other may contribute to the treatment of children with ADHD.

To describe health-related quality of life in children aged < 7 years with Type 1 diabetes mellitus compared with healthy children of the same age, and to investigate how health-related quality of life was correlated with aspects of insulin treatment and glycaemic control. The participants in this study were 24 children with diabetes (12 girls, mean age 4.5 years) and 27 healthy children (14 girls, mean age 4.6 years). All participants completed the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 Generic Core Scales and the participants with diabetes also completed the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 3.0 Type 1 Diabetes Module Scales. HbA1c levels were measured in children with diabetes and the plasma glucose meter memories were uploaded. Children aged <7 years with diabetes had lower parent-rated generic health-related quality of life compared with healthy children (score: 80 vs 91; P = 0.003). The difference was largest in children aged < 5 years (score: 79 vs 93; P = 0.004). Among the parents of children with Type 1 diabetes, 22% rated their child's generic health-related quality of life to be at a level of concern (- 1 sd of a general population). Of the children with Type 1 diabetes aged between 5 and 7 years, 40% rated their own generic health-related quality of life at the same level of concern. This study shows a significantly lower level of generic health-related quality of life in very young children with diabetes in comparison with healthy children. We suggest screening for health-related quality of life in children of all ages with Type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Objective Studies have shown that theory of mind, emotion regulation and pragmatic abilities are negatively affected in people with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). We aimed to investigate theory of mind (ToM) abilities, social responsiveness, pragmatic language, and emotion regulation skills in children with OCD and to compare them to healthy controls. Methods This study was designed as a single-center, cross-sectional, case-control study. ToM abilities were evaluated via “Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test” (RMET), “Faces Test”, “Faux-Pas Test”, “Comprehension Test” and “Unexpected Outcomes Test”. Social responsiveness, pragmatic language and emotion regulation were evaluated by Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS), Children’s Communication Checklist- Second Edition (CCC-2), Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) and Children’s Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS). Within the study period, we enrolled 85 adolescents (42 with OCD and 43 controls). Results The OCD group performed significantly lower than healthy controls in the Faux Pass and Comprehension tests (p = 0.003 for both). We found a statistically significant difference between groups in terms of the goal, strategy, non-acceptance subscales of the DERS (p < 0.001, p = 0.006, p = 0.008, respectively) as well as the total DERS score (p < 0.001). CY-BOCS total scores correlated significantly and negatively with Comprehension, Faux Pas and Unexpected Outcomes tests, and positively with CCC total, SRS total and DERS total scores. In regression analysis the DERS, SRS and CCC tests emerged as significant predictors of CY-BOCS total score. Conclusion Addressing ToM, pragmatic, and ER difficulties when planning the treatment of young people with OCD may contribute to positive outcomes.

Only a few studies have assessed the quality of life in children with tracheostomies. This study aimed to evaluate the quality of life and the factors influencing it in these children. This cross-sectional, two-centre study was conducted on paediatric patients living in the community with a tracheostomy by using the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory. Clinical and demographic information of patients, as well as parents' socioeconomic factors, were obtained. A total of 53 patients met our inclusion criteria, and their parents agreed to participate. The mean age of patients was 6.85 years, and 21 patients were ventilator-dependent. The total paediatric health-related quality of life score was 59.28, and the family impact score was 68.49. In non-ventilator-dependent patients, multivariate analyses indicated that social functioning and health-related quality of life were negatively affected by the duration of tracheostomy. The Quality of Life of ventilator-dependent patients was influenced by care visits and the presence of pulmonary co-morbidities. Children with tracheostomies have a lower quality of life than healthy children do. Routine care visits by a respiratory therapist and nurses yielded significantly improved quality of life in ventilator-dependent children.

The present study investigated maternal emotion regulation as mediating the association between maternal posttraumatic stress symptoms and children's emotional dysregulation in a community sample of 431 Israeli mothers and children exposed to trauma. Little is known about the specific pathways through which maternal posttraumatic symptoms and deficits in emotion regulation contribute to emotional dysregulation. Inspired by the intergenerational process of relational posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), in which posttraumatic distress is transmitted from mothers to children, we suggest an analogous concept of relational emotion regulation, by which maternal emotion regulation problems may contribute to child emotion regulation deficits. Child emotion regulation problems were measured using the Child Behavior Checklist-Dysregulation Profile (CBCL-DP; T.M. Achenbach & I. Rescorla, 2000), which is comprised of three subscales of the CBCL: Attention, Aggression, and Anxiety/Depression. Maternal PTSD symptoms were assessed by the Posttraumatic Diagnostic Scale (E.B. Foa, L. Cashman, L. Jaycox, & K. Perry, 1997) and maternal emotion regulation by the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (K.L. Gratz & L. Roemer, 2004). Results showed that the child's emotion regulation problems were associated with both maternal posttraumatic symptoms and maternal emotion dysregulation. Further, maternal emotion regulation mediated the association between maternal posttraumatic symptoms and the child's regulation deficits. These findings highlight the central role of mothers' emotion regulation skills in the aftermath of trauma as it relates to children's emotion regulation skills. The degree of mothers' regulatory skills in the context of posttraumatic stress symptoms reflects a key process through which the intergenerational transmission of trauma may occur. Study results have critical implications for planning and developing clinical interventions geared toward the treatment of families in the aftermath of trauma and, in particular, the enhancement of mothers' emotion regulation skills after trauma.

This study aims to investigate the effect of a psychoeducation program on the high school students’ emotion regulation skills and their mindfulness levels. This experimental research study adopted a pre-test post-test research design with experimental and control groups. The study group of the research was composed of 30 students (15 in experimental group, 15 in the control group) studying in a high school in Erzincan in the second semester of the 2018-2019 academic year. While a 12-session psychoeducation program designed for the experimental group was applied in the study, any intervention was not conducted for the control group. The data were collected with the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (Gratz &amp;amp; Roemer, 2004), Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (Brown &amp;amp; Ryan, 2003), and the Psychoeducation Program Evaluation Form (Deniz, 2017). The data were analyzed with two-way analysis of variance. The findings showed that when examined the effects of the prepared psychoeducation program on the experimental groups, it was found that emotion regulation skills and mindfulness levels increased significantly, and these differences were also observed in the follow-up measurements.

Exploring emotional dysregulation characteristics and comorbid psychiatric disorders in type 1 diabetic children with disordered eating behavior risk

A deeper understanding of how health-related quality of life relates to the clinical and individual characteristics of patients is essential for the delivery of patient-centered dermatological care. The current study aimed to examine the role of individual differences in emotion dysregulation and social anxiety in modulating quality of life in psoriatic patients. A total of 130 patients affected by psoriasis were consecutively enrolled in the study as they approached the Dermatology Unit of Sant’Orsola-Malpighi Hospital of Bologna. Clinical information gathered included illness severity, assessed with the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) and the Body Surface Area (BSA); illness onset; familiarity; and prescribed treatment. The patient-reported outcome measures were the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), measuring the patient’s quality of life; the Psoriasis Skin Appearance Bothersomeness scale (PSAB), measuring patient’s perception of illness severity; the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), assessing emotion dysregulation traits; and the Social Interaction Anxiety Scale (SIAS), measuring anxiety about social interactions. Patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis reported significantly lower quality of life compared to mildly affected patients. In addition, of the patients affected by mild psoriasis, those characterized by emotion dysregulation and social anxiety traits showed significantly lower levels of quality of life. Our findings suggest that individual differences in emotion dysregulation and social anxiety contribute to health-related quality of life in addition to illness severity. Therapeutic approaches that combine dermatological care with psychological support, especially focused on emotional regulation skills, may be useful to improve clinical outcomes in patients with psoriasis.

Introduction The occurrence of traumatic experiences in childhood can lead to a disruption in the development of secure internal representations, with a negative impact on self-esteem [1]. In addition, child victimisation may compromise their emotional regulation skills [2] and it has been shown that individuals with lower self-esteem have less emotional regulation skills [3]. Studies with adults showed that those who suffered several types of abuse during childhood tend to have worse interpersonal relationships [4]. This research has the main goals, to identify the relationship between the impact of childhood abuse on adult self-esteem and emotional regulation, and the relationship between self-esteem and emotional regulation. This is the first study in a Portuguese sample that integrates those variables. Materials and methods The study design is descriptive, observational, and cross-sectional. The sample was composed of 96 Portuguese adults (over 18 years old) (M = 27.95 years, SD = 11.60). The participants answered online to a sociodemographic questionnaire, Portuguese versions of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) [5], the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) [6], and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) [7]. The link to the study was disclosed by e-mail and in social networks. The study was conducted in accordance with all the ethical principles. Results We found significant statistical positive correlations between the total score of the CTQ and the total score of the DERS (r = 0.422, p<.001) and the sub-scales of DERS: the not acceptance of emotional responses (r = 0.311, p=.002), difficulties engaging in goal-directed behaviour (r = 0.243, p=.017), impulse control difficulties (r = 0.431, p<.001)), limited access to emotion regulation strategies (r = 0.465, p<.001), and lack of emotional clarity (r = 0.209, p=.041). Furthermore, we observed statistical negative correlations between the total score of RSES and the total score of the CTQ (r=–0.319, p=.002), the total score of the DERS (r=–0.561, p<.001) and the sub-scales of DERS: the not acceptance of emotional responses (r=–0.413, p<.001), difficulties engaging in goal-directed behaviour (r=–0.336, p=.001), impulse control difficulties (r=–0.373, p<.001), limited access to emotion regulation strategies (r=–0.508, p<.001), and lack of emotional clarity (r = −0.542, p<.001). Discussion and conclusions In our study, traumatic experiences in childhood were associated with emotional regulation difficulties in adults, which is corroborated by other studies [2]. Additionally, we found that individuals who were victimised in childhood tend to have a perception of lower self-esteem in adult life. The relationship between child abuse and self-esteem and also between child abuse and the emotional regulation difficulties proves the need to develop psychological intervention aiming to enhance the positive self-esteem and the adaptative emotional skills in adulthood. This research highlights the importance of developing intervention programs in victimised children, to reduce the impact of victimisation on self-esteem and emotional regulation.

Psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Emotion Regulation Skills Questionnaire.

Literature mainly focuses on the role of dysregulation of negative emotions whereas the topic of dysregulation of positive emotions has been widely neglected. This study aims to explore levels of dysregulation of positive emotions across community, clinical and forensic samples. The Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale – Positive (DERS-Positive) was administered to a total sample of 1044 participants, divided in 497 community participants (Mage = 39.18 years), 464 forensic individuals (Mage = 39.36 years), and 83 individuals diagnosed with Bipolar disorder (Mage = 47.26 years). The Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) and the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) were administered to a subsample of community participants (n = 105). Confirmatory Factor Analyses supported the three-factor structure of the DERS- Positive in both clinical and non-clinical samples. Correlations between DERS-Positive, DERS and TAS-20 scores indicated a good construct validity of the DERS- Positive. We found that the three groups significantly differed from each other on DERS-Positive total scores. Individuals with Bipolar disorders showed higher levels of dysregulation of positive emotions compared to both offenders and community participants. Offenders scored higher on the DERS- Positive compared to community participants. Dysregulation of positive emotions is an often overlooked yet relevant construct that may account for maladaptive behavior and psychopathology.

Research Article| September 01 2016 Quality of Life in Children With Gastroschisis AAP Grand Rounds (2016) 36 (3): 29. https://doi.org/10.1542/gr.36-3-29 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Quality of Life in Children With Gastroschisis. AAP Grand Rounds September 2016; 36 (3): 29. https://doi.org/10.1542/gr.36-3-29 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All PublicationsAll JournalsAAP Grand RoundsPediatricsHospital PediatricsPediatrics In ReviewNeoReviewsAAP NewsAll AAP Sites Search Advanced Search Topics: gastroschisis, quality of life Source: Carpenter JL, Wiebe TL, Cass DL, et al. Assessing quality of life in pediatric gastroschisis patients using Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory survey: An institutional study. J Pediatr Surg. 2016; 51(5): 726– 729; doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2016.02.012Google Scholar Investigators from the Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children’s Hospital measured parent-reported quality of life (QoL) of children ≥2 years of age with a history of gastroschisis. Patients were eligible if they had been treated for gastroschisis at Texas Children’s Hospital from 2005–2011. Patients were identified through the hospital’s surgical database using ICD-9 codes and were categorized as simple versus complicated gastroschisis, the latter defined as gastroschisis with intestinal atresia, volvulus, necrosis and/or perforation. Demographic data were obtained through chart review. QoL data were obtained from parents through telephone administration of the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL). The PedsQL measures physical, emotional, social, and school functioning for children 2–18 years old and is scored from 0–100, with healthy children having scores ranging from 75.3–99.9.1 Of 119 patients identified, 28 had QoL data and were included in analysis. The average age of patients was 5.8±2.3 years, 12 (43%) were males, and 17 (61%) had simple gastroschisis. The average PedsQL score did not differ between patients with simple and complicated gastroschisis (81.7±19.5 vs 78.8±20.1; P=.70). The investigators conclude that children born with simple or complicated gastroschisis have a similar QoL beyond 2 years of age and a QoL that is comparable to healthy children. Dr. Iqbal has disclosed no financial relationship relevant to this commentary. This commentary does not contain a discussion of an unapproved/investigative use of a commercial product/device. Advancements in fetal imaging and diagnosis have provided an opportunity for families to meet with pediatric specialists prenatally and prepare for the postnatal course. In addition to the immediate management of their child, families often have questions about long-term prognosis. Historically, the literature has been robust with short-term clinical outcome for many congenital anomalies; however, only recently has there been clear recognition of the need for quality long-term outcome data to improve our ability to counsel expectant families. Gastroschisis, often diagnosed in the second trimester of pregnancy, has an estimated incidence of 1 in 2,000 live births.2 Thus, families have considerable time to contemplate the implications of having a child with gastroschisis and formulate questions for surgeons and neonatologists. Multiple prenatal visits to assess fetal well-being, particularly in the third trimester, provide an excellent opportunity for families to receive counseling. For the most part, babies with gastroschisis do very well once the bowel has been reduced and they are able to tolerate feeds. Expected mortality rate is <5% and mean duration of hospitalization in North America is between 41 and 45 days.3 These statistics are reassuring for families, but do not address concerns that they may have about the “normalcy” of their child’s life beyond the neonatal period. The results of the current study begin to... You do not currently have access to this content.

Feasibility of using a handheld electronic device for the collection of patient reported outcomes data from children

Background and Purpose: Emotion regulation therapy (ERT) is one of the third wave of cognitive behavioral therapies which address patients’ problem by improving four emotion regulation skills (i.e. mindfulness, allowing or acceptance, distance, and reappraisal). ERT could be applied for disorders with strong emotional element. Therefore, this study aims to determine the efficacy of emotion regulation skills on reduction of psychopathological symptoms, difficulty of emotion regulation and improvement of quality of life in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Method: In an experimental single-case design of baseline type, 5 patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) were included in the therapy process after they satisfied necessary condition. The patients had 9 sessions therapy (i.e. 90 minutes). In order to evaluate efficacy of the therapy, the measures of Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21), Difficulty in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) and Irritable Bowel Syndrome Quality Of Life (IBS-QOL34) were used. To analyze the collected data, certain diagrams, reliable change index, improvement percentage, and corrected size effect (i.e. Hedges' g) were used. Findings: The emotion regulation therapy reduced the psychopathological symptoms, difficulty of emotion regulation and increase of quality of life in patients with IBS. Total percentages of improvement of anxiety, depression, difficulty of emotion regulation and quality of life were 32.25, 34.68, 40.21 and 58.44 percent respectively. Conclusion: The ERT reduced psychopathological symptoms and difficulty of emotion regulation and improved quality of life in patients with irritable bowel syndrome significantly. Consequently, therapists seem to be able to use the skills of this treatment to reduce the psychological problems of these patients.

Until recently, studies of precarity have overlooked aging and late life. This poster presents a snapshot of conceptual work in progress on a Canadian Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council (SSHRC) Insight Grant on precarity and aging. The poster outlines existing definitions and theoretical perspectives, key results, a current evolving conceptual model, and a working definition of Precarious Aging. It situates existing knowledge and definitions of precarity, highlights crucial intersectional locations of gender, im/migration and (dis)ability, and clarifies the concept of precarity in later life. Results at this point in the study are based on conceptual reviews, reviews of literature on precarity and aging, and the consideration of allied concepts. In conclusion, the concept of precarity offers a promising lens to guide research in the field of social and critical gerontology, providing a foundation for an enhanced understanding of the lives and realities of older people with regards to aging, disadvantage, and inequality.