Abstract
Hydraulic excavators currently used at open pit mines, in particular backhoes, are more maneuverable, mobile and have more digging capabilities than rope shovels. This makes them suitable for a variety of conditions: top and bottom digging, loading lower, higher and at the standing level. The variants of mutual arrangement of the excavator and the dump truck, respectively, affect the duration of the excavator cycle, which, in turn, directly affects the productivity of the excavator. This article evaluates changes in the productivity of an excavator, depending on its angle of rotation and options for digging and loading. It is determined that the smaller the swing angle of an excavator, the greater its impact on productivity. Based on the executed calculations relative decrease in productivity (in percent from the most optimum variant) is established. Results of work can be used at planning of open pit mining for the purpose of definition, for example, speed of mining front movement at change of parameters of an excavator face and a type of a digging and loading.
Highlights
IntroductionSince in the layered working out of the benches (usually in 3 layers) it is possible to have different location of excavator and dump truck
Cycle stages are the following: - bucket unloading; - turning and lowering of the bucket from the dump truck body to the place of bucket filling in the face of the worked-out layer; - bucket filling; - turning and raising the bucket to the level of unloading above the dump truck body; - installation of the bucket over the unloading place according to the dump truck loading passport
In [6] the calculation of the excavator cycle duration is carried out, which consists in the following: - average unloading time tunload with a high confidence grade is approximated by the formula: Tunload 2.6 3 B, where B is a backhoe bucket capacity
Summary
Since in the layered working out of the benches (usually in 3 layers) it is possible to have different location of excavator and dump truck. When working out the top layer, the excavator can work in two ways: with digging at the installation level and with the bottom (low) digging. The dump truck can be installed at the excavator level or below it [20]. When working out the middle layer, the excavator can work with upper digging, bottom digging or with digging at the installation level. The dump truck can be installed in three different ways - above the level of the excavator, below it or at the same level. When working on the bottom layer, the excavator dig either above the installation level or at the same level. The dump truck is installed in the same way [21,22]
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