Abstract
As the population has increased and the economy has developed in the Qaidam Basin, the demand for food and energy in the basin has increased, and the contradiction between economic development and ecological protection is gradually becoming prominent. In this study, the eco-environmental quality of the Qaidam Basin from 1986 to 2019 was evaluated and analyzed based on the Modified Remote Sensing Ecological Index (MRSEI) retrieved by the Google Earth Engine (GEE) and meteorological and socioeconomic auxiliary data. The results show that (1) the Qaidam Basin had a lower overall level of eco-environmental quality, with higher eco-environmental quality in the southeastern part of the basin and lower eco-environmental quality in the central and northwestern parts of the basin. (2) During the period of 1986 to 2019, the eco-environmental quality of the Qaidam Basin started to reverse in 2003; it decreased first and then increased, and the overall performance showed an upward trend over the past 34 years. The most obvious changes were in the northwestern, northeastern, southwestern and central parts of the basin. The eco-environmental quality continued to decline in the northwestern and rise in the northeastern and southwestern regions, and in the central part, it decreased first and then plateaued. (3) The eco-environmental quality of the Qaidam Basin was affected by both natural and human factors. From 1986 to 2019, the “warm and wet” climate in the basin promoted the growth of vegetation. Furthermore, the optimization of industrial structures alleviated the pressure of agriculture and livestock and jointly improved the ecological environment in the Qaidam Basin.
Highlights
Providing natural resources, space and basic material conditions for human survival, the ecological environment is a basic guarantee of human survival and is the basis of social development [1]
To test the comprehensive representativeness of the Modified Remote Sensing Ecological Index (MRSEI) index, this study adopts the method of equal interval extraction and successively selects the data in 1986, 1996, 2006, 2016 and 2019 as test samples for the model test
(Figure 4 and Table 4), indicating that the MRSEI integrates most of the information of various ecological indicators
Summary
Space and basic material conditions for human survival, the ecological environment is a basic guarantee of human survival and is the basis of social development [1]. The eco-environment in various regions of China has been increasingly disturbed by global climate change and human activities [2,3,4]. Located in the northern part of the Tibetan Plateau, the Qaidam Basin has an inherently fragile and sensitive ecological environment [5]. Circular Economy Experimental Zone”, natural resources, such as natural gas, salt lakes and nonferrous metals in the basin, have been developed with a high intensity, and the pressure of eco-environmental protection has been increasing [8,9,10]. With the continuous increase in the intensity of human activities, the inherently fragile ecological environment of the Qaidam Basin will be threatened to varying degrees, influencing the stability of the Remote Sens.
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