Abstract
Abstract Context: Moringa stenopetala (Baker f) Cufodontis is an evergreen tree of approximately 5 to 10 m height and widely distributed in the Southern parts of Ethiopia with numerous nutritional and medicinal purposes. Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of hydro-ethanolic extract of M. stenopetala leaves using in-vivo mice model of diuresis. Methods: Furosemide (10 mg/kg), normal saline (1 ml/100 g), and extract doses (150, 250, 350, 500 and 1000 mg/kg) of body weight were used as standard, control and test substance respectively. All substances were administered orally. The urine output and electrolyte concentration of Na+, K+ and Cl- were determined. Results: At all doses the experimental group had a significant urine output at 0.5 hour and 1 hour (P < 0.001) compared to standard and control. After 2.5 hours, at 500 mg/kg the extract showed an increased urine output compared to the control as well as the extract doses of 150, 250, 350 and 1000 mg/kg (P < 0.05). The excretion of Na+ and Cl- was significantly increased at 250 and 350 mg/kg test doses (P < 0.001) compared to control. At 500 and 1000 mg/kg, there is a comparable Na+ and Cl- excretion and a significant K+ excretion ((at 500 (P < 0.01) and 1000 mg/kg (P < 0.01)) compared to standard and control respectively. Conclusion: The outcome of the study demonstrated the diuretic activity of the hydro-ethanolic extracts of M. stenopetala leaves which is in agreement to the folkloric use of the plant for the management of hypertension and heart failure.
Highlights
Moringa stenopetala (Baker f.) Cufodontis belongs to the family Moringaceae commonly grown in Southern parts of Ethiopia at an altitude of 1100 to 1600 m above sea level
The outcome of the study demonstrated the diuretic activity of the hydro-ethanolic extracts of M. stenopetala leaves which is in agreement to the folkloric use of the plant for the management of hypertension and heart failure
Acute Oral Toxicity Acute oral toxicity of hydro-ethanolic extract of M. stenopetala leaves was evaluated in female Swiss albino mice aged of 6-8 weeks according to OECD guideline No 425 [17]
Summary
Moringa stenopetala (Baker f.) Cufodontis belongs to the family Moringaceae commonly grown in Southern parts of Ethiopia at an altitude of 1100 to 1600 m above sea level. The leaves, seeds and roots are used in folk medicines as hypotensive [1] antispasmodic [2], hypoglycemic [3,4], antileishmenial and antifertility [5], antibacterial and antimicrobial [6,7] antitrypanosomal [2], antihyperglycemic [3,4,8,9,10]. It has been reported that essential oils of M. stenopetala leaves showed trypanocidal and antileukaemic effects [11]. The leaves, seeds, and seedpods of M. stenopetala have good nutritional value and help to restore normal body weight [12,13,14]. The antibiotic principle of the seeds and antispasmodic effects of leaves of M. oleifera and M. stenopatala were reported previously [15]. There were prior studies on isolated fractions of the aqueous leaf extract of this plant which demonstrated its hypoglycemic and antidiabetic effect in mice [16]
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