Abstract
The study focused on the risk factors of postoperative arrhythmia and lung infection and the preventive effects of targeted low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) on the occurrence of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in patients with esophageal/cardia cancer. In this article, 82 patients who were pathologically diagnosed with esophageal/cardia cancer and underwent surgical treatment were selected as the research subjects. According to the different preoperative treatment methods, the patients were divided into the control group (without anticoagulant drugs before the operation, 44 cases) and the anticoagulation group (anticoagulant drugs were administered before the operation, 38 cases), and they were compared for basic clinical indicators and disease history. Logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the risk factors of adverse events, and the Wells and Autar scale scores were calculated. Different groups were compared for the operation time, blood loss, and postoperative drainage volume during the operation. D-dimer was detected on the first 1, 3, 5, and 7 days after the operation, and the lower extremity venous color Doppler ultrasound was performed on the 1st and 7th days after the operation. The results showed that age ≥65 years, abnormal preoperative ECG, preoperative coronary heart disease (CHD), preoperative chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), operative time ≥4 h, and preoperative blood sodium <4.04.0 mmol/L were all risk factors for postoperative arrhythmia. Age, preoperative diabetes mellitus, preoperative COPD, length of hospital stay, and FEV1 were all risk factors for postoperative lung infections. In the control group and anticoagulation group, 11 cases (13.41%) and 5 cases (16.10%) had lower extremity DVT, respectively. The incidence of lower extremity DVT was lower in the anticoagulation group than in the control group (P < 0.01). It suggested that age, preoperative disease history, hospital stay, and operation time were risk factors for postoperative adverse events in patients with esophageal/cardia cancer. The targeted anticoagulant LMWH has a significant preventive effect on the occurrence of lower extremity DVT in patients with esophageal/cardia cancer, providing an effective reference for the prognosis and prevention of esophageal/cardia cancer.
Highlights
Esophageal/cardia cancer is a common malignant tumor of the digestive tract
Studies have pointed out that the respiratory function and bronchial mucosal clearance of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients are abnormal, and the postoperative pain at the incision limits breathing and expectoration, which imbalances the airway ventilation/blood flow ratio, leading to hypoxemia and at the same time increasing the occurrence of arrhythmia [24]. de Araujo Motta et al [25] pointed out that the incidence of postoperative arrhythmia in patients with preoperative COPD increased by 3 times compared with normal patients. e results in this study showed that preoperative serum potassium
Current research results show that the incidence of postoperative lung infection in patients with esophageal/ cardia cancer is between 7.3% and 50% [27], and the mortality rate is 10% to 40% [28]. e results of this study found that a total of 15 patients had lung infections after surgery, which accounted for 18.29%. is was aligned with the results of most current studies. e results in the study showed that age, preoperative diabetes, preoperative COPD, length of hospital stay, and FEV1 were all risk factors for a postoperative lung infection
Summary
Esophageal/cardia cancer is a common malignant tumor of the digestive tract. According to statistics, the incidence of esophageal/cardia cancer is the eighth among all malignant tumors in the world, and the mortality rate ranks sixth. e number of new cases of esophageal/cardia cancer is about 456,000 every year, of which about 300,000 die every year, 80% of whom are distributed in developing countries [1].e incidence of esophageal/cardia cancer in China is high, accounting for about 50% of all cases in the world. e incidence of esophageal/cardia cancer ranks fifth among all malignant tumors in China, but its mortality rate is second only to lung, stomach, and liver cancer. Esophageal/cardia cancer is a common malignant tumor of the digestive tract. The incidence of esophageal/cardia cancer is the eighth among all malignant tumors in the world, and the mortality rate ranks sixth. E number of new cases of esophageal/cardia cancer is about 456,000 every year, of which about 300,000 die every year, 80% of whom are distributed in developing countries [1]. E incidence of esophageal/cardia cancer in China is high, accounting for about 50% of all cases in the world. E incidence of esophageal/cardia cancer ranks fifth among all malignant tumors in China, but its mortality rate is second only to lung, stomach, and liver cancer. Surgical methods are mainly used to treat esophageal/cardia cancer [3]. After treatment, the postoperative survival rate is low and the quality of life is poor, accompanied by postoperative complications [4]. e currently used surgical methods
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