Abstract
The aim of study was to evaluate the crude leaf extract of Chenopodium album for central antinociceptive activity using inbred NIH albino mice. No mortalities were observed during the 14 day period in any of the 4 groups of 5 mice per group orally given 1, 2, 3, and 5 g/kg bw respectively. It was therefore assumed that the LD50 was higher than 5 g/kg bw. Eddy’s hot plate test for antinociception using 0, 50, 100 and 150 mg/kg bw and standard drug Aspirin (150 mg/kg bw) orally administered revealed that both Aspirin and the extract at 100 and at 150mg/kg bw exhibited significant (P < 0.05) dose-dependent antinociception compared with the negative control at the seven time intervals; 30, 60, 120,180, 240,300, 360 minutes. The maximum antinociception (71.47%) for the 150mg/kg bw group being at 30 minutes after administration and statistically not different from that of Aspirin (67.44%) at the same time interval. Between 30 and 180 minutes after oral administration of test substances, antinociception due to C. album extract (150 mg/kg bw) was statistically not different fromthatduetoAspirin. Thereafter Aspirin remained more efficacious than the extracttill the end of experiment at 360 minutes; a parallel shift from 240 minutes suggesting a similar mechanism of antinociception.
Highlights
The hot plate test uses acute non-inflammatory neurological pain induced by the noxious thermal stimulus to study central nociception and antinociception (Ibironke and Ajiboye, 2007)
With reference to antinociception the test substances, Aspirin (150 mg/kg bw) and C. album crude leaf extract at 100 mg/kg bw and at 150 mg/kg bw produced significant (P
This study demonstrated that systemic administration of C. album crude extract at doses that did not produce any toxicity resulted in consistent dosedependent antinociceptive effects using the hot plate test in mice
Summary
The hot plate test uses acute non-inflammatory neurological pain induced by the noxious thermal stimulus to study central nociception and antinociception (Ibironke and Ajiboye, 2007). Nociception is the neural process of encoding and processing noxious stimuli, which can be developed by thermal, chemicals and physical pressure (Schaible, 2006). This activity is initiated by nociceptors which are known as pain receptors. Nociceptors are embedded in the skin and internally in joints. They can detect mechanical, thermal or chemical changes above a set body threshold anywhere in the body where they are located. A nociceptor sends the signal to the central nervous system through the spinal cord (Schaible, 2006)
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