Evaluation of changes in wound assessment parameters associated with contra-lateral spermatic cord as ligature in open and closed pre-scrotal and scrotal castrations

Abstract

The use of the spermatic cord as ligature is practised by field veterinarians, however, information on wound assessment parameters associated with its use is lacking. This study evaluated changes in wound assessment parameters associated with contra-lateral spermatic cord as ligature in open and closed pre-scrotal and scrotal castrations in growing Nigerian male mongrels. Sixty client-owned dogs were randomly assigned into 6 groups (n=10). The spermatic cord was used as ligature in 4 groups (1, 2, 5, 6) while chromic catgut ligature was used in the other 2 groups (3 and 4). Groups 1, 3 and 5 were pre-scrotally castrated while groups 2, 4 and 6 were scrotally castrated using standard methods. Incisions were closed in groups 1, 2, 3 and 4 while in groups 5 and 6, incisions remained open. Mean wound dehiscence was significantly higher (p<0.05) in group 1 than that of the other sutured dog groups post-castration. Mean wound exudation was significantly higher (p<0.05) in groups 5 and 6 than that of the other dog groups. Mean bacterial load was also significantly higher (p<0.05) in groups 5 and 6 at days 1, 3 and 7 post-castration in comparison to that of the other groups. Mean days for complete wound healing were significantly higher in groups 5 and 6 when compared to those of the other groups. Findings greatly suggest that contra-lateral spermatic cord ligature provides a credible alternative to the use of absorbable ligature during castration in dogs and also discourages leaving an incision open.