Abstract
The objective of the study was to determine qualitatively by validated Real Time PCR method the occurrence of genetically modified maize and soybean in commercial food products from the Greek market. 70 independent samples were collected, including products from different categories (i.e. cereal based, biscuits and snacks) which declared either corn or soybean on the labelling. The result of the study indicated that 37.1% of maize and soy products (n=70) displayed in the Greek market have detectable levels of genetically modified maize or soy. These products were identified by specific primers and included common GMΟ detection primers for 35S and NOS terminator. Adequate repeatability and reproducibility was demonstrated for the applied Real Time PCR method, as evaluated by intra- and inter-laboratory tests.
Highlights
1.1 Genetically Modified Organisms in Food IndustryThe use of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) as foods and food products is becoming more and more widespread
The specificity of the primer pair was confirmed by Real Time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of the peanuts, sesame and hazelnut kernels which were used as negative controls
The results of the assay showed that the coefficient of variation values for both intra-experimental and inter-experimental data ranged from 0.45 to 0.80% and 0.23 to 0.71%, respectively (Table 1). These results indicate that Ct measurements were highly reproducible and repeatable, demonstrating the applicability of Real-Time PCR method for the qualitative detection of GMOs
Summary
The use of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) as foods and food products is becoming more and more widespread. The methods which can be used to detect GMOs are the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), protein based methods and phenotypic characterization. Among those methods, PCR method is the only one which can provide a general screening for GM varieties. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is highly specific and sensitive method for the detection of nucleic acids (DNA or RNA) and a vast number of PCR systems for food control exists, as for example for the detection of pathogenic microorganisms or of food components as well as for the identification of animal species in meat products.
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