Abstract
To assess facial changes after oral rehabilitation with complete dentures (CDs) by 3D technology allows understanding the results of a treatment that changes facial proportions. Precise outcome parameters can improve decision making. Objective This descriptive observational research aimed to assess facial changes in completely edentulous patients after oral rehabilitation with a CD by a 3D stereophotogrammetry system.Methodology 30 edentulous patients (7 men and 23 women), aged 50 to 75, were analyzed with stereophotogrammetry at 28 previously determined anthropometric landmarks, at 2 different times: T1, before treatment, and T2, after inserting the CDs. Images were analyzed with a specific software for linear and angular measurements. The paired t-test was used to compare timestamps (α=0.05).Results Major changes were observed in 7 of the 13 linear measures and 7 of the 9 angular measures. The following linear measurements had an increase: Sn-Gn (lower third of the face), Ls-Li (height of the vermilion lip), and ChL-ChR (mouth width). Sn-Ls (nasal philtrum height) decreased. For angular measurements, Sn-St-Pg (lower facial convexity) angles increased, and the Prn-Sn-Ls (nasolabial angle) and GoR-Pg-GoL (mandible convexity) angles decreased.Conclusions Major facial changes in newly rehabilitated edentulous patients with CDs included an increase of the lower third of the face, of the vermilion lip, of mouth width, and of the lower facial convexity, and a decrease of the nasolabial angle and mandible convexity.
Highlights
Complete edentulism in the older adults is a public health concern1 worldwide that varies with region
30 patients who rehabilitated with maxillary and mandibular complete dentures (CDs) joined the study: 7 men and 23 women
This study measured facial changes by 3D stereophotogrammetry before and after conventional CDs were applied in edentulous patients
Summary
Complete edentulism in the older adults is a public health concern worldwide that varies with region. Treatment must replace the teeth and the lost facial tissues in their function and looks.3 A collapse of the lower facial third causes disharmony and reduces the vertical dimension of occlusion.. A collapse of the lower facial third causes disharmony and reduces the vertical dimension of occlusion.13 Tools such as OHIP-EDENT (Oral Health Impact Profile for Edentulous) and OHRQoL (Oral HealthRelated Quality of Life) were used in reports of patient satisfaction after oral rehabilitation with complete denture (CDs) to assess its influence on their quality of life.. Stereophotogrammetry (SPG) has been widely used to assess facial esthetics.. Stereophotogrammetry (SPG) has been widely used to assess facial esthetics.18-20 It helps with decisionmaking and allows estimating the increased volume and area in standard procedures that are still based on trial. Changes in the lower third of the face critically affect the design and supplies of complete dentures
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