Evaluating the Impact of Total Knee Arthroplasty on Hindfoot Alignment and Function

Abstract

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a common surgical intervention for advanced knee osteoarthritis (OA), primarily aimed at alleviating pain and restoring knee function. This study examines the impact of TKA on hindfoot alignment and functionality, given the biomechanical interdependence between knee and hindfoot structures. Our findings reveal that TKA-induced corrections in knee alignment, particularly from varus or valgus deformities to a neutral stance, result in significant compensatory adjustments in hindfoot alignment. Preoperative varus knee deformities often shifted toward hindfoot valgus post-TKA, while valgus knee deformities tended toward hindfoot varus. Postoperative assessment, including radiographic and functional evaluations, demonstrated improvements in hindfoot function for most patients. However, 15% of participants reported persistent hindfoot discomfort, linked to residual malalignment. These findings underscore the importance of monitoring hindfoot alignment in post-TKA care to optimize functional outcomes and patient satisfaction. The study advocates for a holistic approach in TKA management, addressing both knee and hindfoot alignment to reduce complications and enhance recovery. Future research should focus on targeted rehabilitative strategies for patients with persistent hindfoot malalignment, potentially improving long-term outcomes and quality of life.