실시간교통정보 이용에 따른 가솔린차량의 온실가스 저감효과 평가

This paper was inspired by the fact that Real-time Traffic Information Service could play a key role in reducing incomplete combustion time remarkably since it can provide traffic jam information in real-time basis. Emission characteristics of experimental engines were studied with variable travel distances and speed of car in terms of traffic information provided. 12 Km distance road of Susung district in Daegu is taken as an experimental area to examine this new approach. The emission was tested while the driving was done at 8 AM, 3 PM, 6 PM which represents various traffic conditions. The reduced emission has been measured for a travel distance running at different loads (conventional shortest route and Real-time Traffic Information) and various loads (CO, VOC and NOx) are all inventoried and calculated in terms of existing emission factors. The emission has been shown to reduce linearly with travel distance : carbon monoxide (20.56%), VOC (29.21%), NOx(8.86%).

The paper designs the framework of real time traffic information service system and discusses baseline model and data transmission in order to realize real time GIS-T. The author designs a database and puts forward a uniform and independent benchmark for real time traffic information, managing real time traffic information and GIS data independently, so as to easily realize GIS data share and upgrade motion real time traffic information. This paper details the structure of the traffic information service system framework and the real time traffic information flow.

The TravTek Driver Information System

Advanced traffic information systems are increasingly available to provide users with real-time traffic information services. Nowadays, this kind of public information collection relies extensively on contributions made by end users on a voluntary basis. Although the literature has looked into the motivations that may lead to free online contributions, it has largely overlooked the actual use of the same systems based on mobile devices. Considering the issue from the perspectives of complexity, social effects and practical considerations, this paper explores and examines factors influencing mobile device users to freely contribute to a traffic information system. The methodology is planned to be a combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods. From the first stage of this research, which involves three face-to-face interviews and a focus group discussion among mobile application developers and users, we gleaned interesting results which are instructive for future empirical work.

Accurate and timely traffic information enables road users to make informed decisions to enable them to optimise their route choices by avoiding congestion. Such information is instrumental to transport management as bus and taxi operators can reschedule their fleets in response to prevailing traffic conditions to minimise the effects of traffic congestion on their services. The information can also be used by the traffic management control centres of transport and highway authorities to streamline the timing control of traffic signals and the broadcast of traffic advice via variable message signs. Real-time traffic information is gathered from point-based traffic surveillance and monitoring detectors, and the piecemeal data fitted to interpolate or model road conditions over a transport network. The process of gathering and transforming point-based traffic data to display an area view is computationally intensive and often fails to meet the instant requirements of a real-time traffic information system. The authors propose a real-time traffic multimedia Internet geographic information system that is capable of transmitting video images and modelling road conditions in real time. The prototype system is capable of calibrating data from traffic closed-circuit television images that are modelled over the entire road network for broadcasting to road users on the world-wide web with a time lapse of 3–4 minutes. The authors also suggest potential applications of the prototype system.

The accuracy of FCD-based techniques for real-time traffic information service mainly rely on the quality of collected data, including the categories, the coverage rate, the number of samples for different grades of roads, and the distribution of sample data, etc. among which the coverage rate of different grades of roads is the most important. Since Shenzhen first supplied real-time traffic information service in 2006, responses have been enthusiastic. The service has also been tested in a variety of ways. The accuracy of real-time traffic information service is reported to be above 78.7%, which gains a high degree of recognition from the industry. This is due to the solution to the problem of road coverage rate.

With the acceleration of urbanization and the rapid growth of private cars, the traffic congestion is increasingly becoming a “chronic illness” for urban development. This paper describes what exactly the real-time and dynamic urban traffic information service systemis. Furthermore, the pieces of technology needed and the benefits of the system will be discussed. Finally, we conclude with issues and problems that to be resolved in order to have a fully functional system. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/telkomnika.v10i4.871

Online real-time traffic data services could effectively deliver traffic information to people all over the world and provide large benefits to the society and research about cities. Yet, city-wide road network traffic data are often hard to come by on a large scale over a longer period of time. We collect, describe, and analyze traffic data for 45 cities from HERE, a major online real-time traffic information provider. We sampled the online platform for city traffic data every 5 min during 1 year, in total more than 5 million samples covering more than 300 thousand road segments. Our aim is to describe some of the practical issues surrounding the data that we experienced in working with this type of data source, as well as to explore the data patterns and see how this data source provides information to study traffic in cities. We focus on data availability to characterize how traffic information is available for different cities; it measures the share of road segments with real-time traffic information at a given time for a given city. We describe the patterns of real-time data availability, and evaluate methods to handle filling in missing speed data for road segments when real-time information was not available. We conduct a validation case study based on Swedish traffic sensor data and point out challenges for future validation. Our findings include (i) a case study of validating the HERE data against ground truth available for roads and lanes in a Swedish city, showing that real-time traffic data tends to follow dips in travel speed but miss instantaneous higher speed measured in some sensors, typically at times when there are fewer vehicles on the road; (ii) using time series clustering, we identify four clusters of cities with different types of measurement patterns; and (iii) a k-nearest neighbor-based method consistently outperforms other methods to fill in missing real-time traffic speeds. We illustrate how to work with this kind of traffic data source that is increasingly available to researchers, travellers, and city planners. Future work is needed to broaden the scope of validation, and to apply these methods to use online data for improving our knowledge of traffic in cities.

Comprehensive Traffic Information platform(CTIP) is the core and information hinge of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). The CTIP provides accurate, real-time and reliable traffic information services for public, government and enterprises. According to the classification of traffic information supplier and demander, we analyze the information supply from the viewpoint of information supply department, information supply content and information supply approach, and analyze the information demand from the viewpoint of information type, information demand content, publishing approach and supplier number. By comparing the information supply and demand of CTIP, find the shortages of traffic information supply.

Location Based Service has wide market prospect; especially real-time traffic information service is becoming the research hot pot home and abroad. In recent years a series of study on Location Based Service have made by some researchers, but none is found to make use of mobile phones' location to acquire the traffic information. The major contribution of this paper is to originally introduce Location and Speed Based Traffic Information Service (LSBTIS). In this paper, LSBTIS is discussed from four aspects including present research situation, implementing principle, advantages and market prospect.

This paper presents baseline findings from a panel survey of regular peak hour travelers of the US-75 corridor in Dallas, Texas, and the I-15 corridor in San Diego, California. This survey was conducted as part of the evaluation of the Integrated Corridor Management (ICM) Initiative. The baseline survey, conducted before the deployment of the ICM Initiative, collected data on travelers’ typical travel in the corridor, their satisfaction with their peak hour trips, their awareness and use of real-time traffic information, and their satisfaction with the information. In addition, recruited respondents were asked to complete brief pulse surveys administered immediately following incidents in the corridor to measure the use of information and its impact on travel during incident conditions. The surveys provide insights on travelers’ use of real-time traffic and travel information and its impact on their travel decisions in two major metropolitan corridors. Through a comparison of the two sites, the findings illuminate how the use of traveler information is conditioned, at least in part, by regional and situational context. In Dallas, respondents were faced with greater traffic congestion and delay, and they were more likely to consult information for their peak hour trips in the corridor. Their use of radio and electronic message signs, two of the most common sources of information, was significantly higher compared with the San Diego sample. In addition, the availability of alternate routes may affect how travelers use real-time traffic information. In Dallas, where respondents reported greater use of alternate routes, both under typical circumstances as well as in the face of severe congestion, significantly more respondents used real-time information to make routing decisions.

Real-time traffic information service is an important part of Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS), and the performance of service is a major concern to transportation planners and road users. For users, getting sufficient and complete traffic information is helpful for them to arrange optimal road path before heading. This paper describes some traffic prediction technologies deployed in Taiwan, such as vehicle detector (VD), GPS-based vehicle probe (GVP) and cellular floating vehicle probe (CFVP), and each of them has different intended purposes. Through data fusion to analyze and regularize traffic information from various traffic prediction technologies, it makes the incomplete information converting into systematic and useful traffic information.

Abstract. Conferences, meetings and congresses are an important part of today's economic and scientific world. But the environmental impact, especially from greenhouse gas emissions associated with travel, can be extensive. Anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions account for the warming of the atmosphere and oceans. This study draws on the need to quantify and reduce greenhouse gas emissions associated with travel activities and aims to give suggestions for organizers and participants on possible ways to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, demonstrated on the example of the European Geography Association (EGEA) Annual Congress 2013 in Wasilkow, Poland. The lack of a comprehensive methodology for the estimation of greenhouse gas emissions from travel led to an outline of a methodology that uses geographic information systems (GIS) to calculate travel distances. The calculation of travel distances in GIS is adapted from actual transportation infrastructure, derived from the open-source platform OpenStreetMap. The methodology also aims to assess the possibilities to reduce GHG emissions by choosing different means of transportation and a more central conference location. The results of the participants of the EGEA congress, who shared their travel data for this study, show that the total travel distance adds up to 238 000 km, with average travel distance of 2429 km per participant. The travel activities of the participants in the study result in total GHG emissions of 39 300 kg CO2-eq including both outward and return trip. On average a participant caused GHG emissions of 401 kg CO2-eq. In addition, the analysis of the travel data showed differences in travel behaviour depending on the distance between conference site and point of origin. The findings on travel behaviour have then been used to give an estimation of total greenhouse gas emissions from travel for all participants of the conference, which result in a total amount of 79 711 kg CO2-eq. The potential for reducing greenhouse gas emissions by substituting short flights with train rides and car rides with bus and train rides is limited. Only 6 % of greenhouse gas emissions could be saved by applying these measures. Further considerable savings could only be made by substituting longer flights (32.6 %) or choosing a more central conference location (26.3 %).

Major US electric utility climate pledges have the potential to collectively reduce power sector emissions by one-third

It is estimated that the economic cost of traffic congestion costs our nation $63 billion in 2002. The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) has employed several strategies in an effort to mitigate traffic congestion in urban areas. According to the FHWA, the key to any traffic mitigation strategy is providing traveler's specific location, and current traffic information in real time. We have developed a novel traffic and weather communication system that can be used by travelers to send and receive location specific traffic and weather information in real time. Our system uses wired and wireless ad hoc networks and personal data assistants (PDA).