Abstract
Background and objectivePrevious studies regarding the effects of some local anesthetics have suggested these agents may cause genetic damage. However, they have not been tested for genotoxicity related to repetitive administration. The aim of this study was to evaluate the genotoxic potential of local anesthetics upon repetitive administration. Methods80 male Wistar rats were allocated into: group A - 16 rats injected intraperitoneally (IP) with lidocaine hydrochloride 2%; group B - 16 rats IP injected with mepivacaine 2%; group C - 16 rats IP injected with articaine 4%; group D - 16 rats IP injected with prilocaine 3% (6.0mg.kg–1); group E - 8 rats subcutaneously injected with a single dose of cyclophosphamide; and group F - 8 rats IP injected with saline. Eight rats from groups A to D received a single dose of anaesthetic on day 1 of the experiment; the remaining rats were injected once a day for 5 days. ResultsThe median number of micronuclei in the local anesthetics groups exposed for one or 5 days ranged from 0.00 to 1.00, in the cyclophosphamide-exposed group was 10.00, and the negative control group for 1 and 5 days was 1.00 and 0.00, respectively (p<0.0001). A significant difference in the number of micronuclei was observed between the cyclophosphamide group and all local anesthetic groups (p=0.0001), but not between the negative control group and the local anesthetic groups (p>0.05). ConclusionNo genotoxicity effect was observed upon repetitive exposure to any of the local anesthetics evaluated.
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