Abstract
Oppositions to patent grants are a means to attack competitors and protect a firm's own patent portfolio. Extant literature has analyzed the determinants of oppositions, while the drivers of opposition outcomes are less known. We study 290 EPO biotech patent oppositions filed in 2012–2019. There are three possible outcomes of opposition proceedings: patent revocation, patent amendment, and opposition rejection. We find that opponents who know the patent's technology are more likely to obtain a patent revocation, while opponents who compete in the product market with the patent owner are more likely to receive a rejection.
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