Etiologia przewlekłej choroby nerek u dzieci – analiza danych jednego ośrodka

Abstract

IntroductionChronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive and irreversible disease, most often caused by anatomic or functional abnormalities in renal structure. Aim of studyThe aim of the study was to analyze the causative factors of CKD in children, regarding their gender, age, the stage of CKD and the way of treatment. Material and methodsA retrospective analysis of medical records of 120 children (52 girls, 68 boys) hospitalized in the Department of Pediatric Nephrology at the Wroclaw Medical University with the diagnosis of CKD, in the June 2011 – September 2014 period, was performed. ResultsThe conservative treatment was performed in 92 children, out of whom 20 patients were in the stage I of CKD, 22 in stage II, 38 in stage III, 10 in stage IV, and 2 in stage V. 28 patients were on chronic dialysis. Anomalies within the urinary tract were the most common cause of CKD in the whole study group (57.5%), irrespective of the child's age, gender or CKD stage. Other causes included glomerulopathies (12.5%), hereditary renal disorders (11.7%), acute kidney injury (7.5%), cancer (5.8%), and unknown (5.0%). A positive family history of kidney disease was reported in 27.5% of patients, more frequently in the relatives of boys (29.5%) than of girls (25.0%). ConclusionsUrinary tract abnormalities were the most common cause of CKD in analyzed children. Glomerulopathies were the second causative factor in the whole population and in patients on dialysis. Hereditary renal disorders were the second cause of CKD in children on conservative treatment.