ETIKA KEPEMIMPINAN ISLAM DI TENGAH KONTESTASI MORAL: STUDI KASUS GUS MIFTAH DALAM PERSPEKTIF AL-QUR’AN

This study examines leadership in Islam, emphasizing values of ethics, integrity, justice, and responsibility as the main foundation for achieving performance and success in educational institutions. The purpose of this research is to explore the application of Umar bin Khattab's servant leadership ethics in the management of educational institutions in Indonesia. The research method used is library research, where data are obtained from relevant primary and secondary literature, then analyzed using content analysis and descriptive techniques. The results of the study show that the principles of servant leadership, such as simplicity, justice, and public service, when applied in the educational context, can create an inclusive learning environment focused on the well-being of all involved parties. Implementation strategies, including listening, empathy, healing, awareness, persuasion, conceptualization, and foresight, have proven effective in building ethical and service-oriented leadership. Thus, the application of Umar bin Khattab's servant leadership ethics in educational institutions not only produces individuals who excel academically but also possess high integrity and deep social concern.

In relation to current issues facing global civilisations, there is a crucial need to highlight the Islamic paradigm in dealing with such challenges. This study explores the necessity of encouraging Islamic dialogue to promote stronger connections and involvement with worldwide cultures. This research explores how ethical leadership in Islamic thinking might help create a more inclusive, compassionate, and morally grounded global society. This study examines the fundamental principles of ethical leadership in Islam by combining classical Islamic sources, modern scholarship, and real-world case studies. The text explores the various aspects of ethical leadership, including qualities like integrity, justice, compassion, and accountability, as taught in Islamic principles and demonstrated by individuals in history. It also examines how these principles might be used to tackle current concerns that global civilisations are dealing with, such as governance, social justice, environmental protection, and interfaith cooperation. This research uses an interdisciplinary approach combining theology, philosophy, and social sciences to enhance Islamic discourse and make it relevant to many cultural and ideological perspectives. It stresses the significance of adapting Islamic ideas to modern contexts while maintaining their ethical core and universal nature. It promotes communication, collaboration, and mutual understanding among civilisations, recognising the richness and diversity of human experiences and viewpoints. This research suggests that incorporating ethical leadership into Islamic teachings has the potential to make a meaningful contribution to the shared goals of world civilisations. A collaborative effort is needed from researchers, leaders, and communities to participate in a transformational discussion that goes beyond limits, encourages empathy, and supports the common good. This will help advance the collective goal of creating a fair, peaceful, and prosperous world.

The purpose of this research is to investigate separate themes of Islamic Leadership based on analyses conducted on selected literature of conventional and Islamic Leadership. The themes of Islamic Leadership were identified for the purpose of developing a specific inventory to measure Islamic Leadership or the Islamic Leadership Inventory (ILI). In identifying the themes of Islamic Leadership, this research applied qualitative content analysis procedures on four categories of literature. The literature are (1) The Qur’an and Hadiths (2) Managerial Leadership and Servant Leadership literature (3) Contemporary Islamic Leadership literature (4) Classical texts of Islamic Leadership. This research used NVIVO to facilitate information processing. With respect to the underlying theory of research, this research is based on the principles of higher objectives of Shari’ah or the Maqasid al-Shari’ah to justify the importance of the identified Islamic Leadership behaviours from the lenses of Islam. Based on the content analysis, this research found 25 separate themes representing Islamic Leadership Behaviours. The 25 themes are (1) Trustworthiness and Integrity, (2) Employees Orientation, (3) Self-evaluation, (4) Patience, (5) Outcome Orientation, (6) Empowerment, (7) Social Responsibility (8) Flexibility (9) Non-Calculative, (10) Spirituality, Religiousness and Piety, (11) Esprit De Corps, (12) Bravery, (13) Justice and Equity, (14) High Self-Reliance and High Self-Esteem, (15) Modesty and Shyness, (16) Impartially, (17) Moderation and Balance, (18) Good in Communication, (19) Free from environmental-constrains, (20) Earnest, (21) Cheerful, (22) Feared when angry, (23) Empowering Intelligent, Wisdom and Encourage Synergy, (24) Role Model, and (25) Avoid Conflict. The themes suggested could be used to measure Islamic Leadership in various perspectives. In general, this paper offers policymakers, organisations, and researchers in various avenues the important dimensions of Islamic Leadership. Specifically, the Islamic Leadership Inventory (ILI) could be utilised to measure the effectiveness of Muslims’ professionals based on the perspectives of Islam and the higher objectives of Shari’ah . In sum, this paper found that Islamic Leadership could be represented in several dimensions and could be adapted in the conventional measures of managerial leadership. Keywords: Islamic Leadership Inventory, Leadership Behaviour, Leadership Approaches

This study highlights the significant impact of character education in the Islamic context on political leadership development. This study bases its analysis on literature studies carried out in an integrative and comprehensive manner by examining and combining various relevant literature sources. The results show that character education in Islam is based on strong moral and ethical principles, including honesty, integrity, justice, and social responsibility. Political leadership in Islam puts forward the principles of justice, accountability, and concern for the general welfare. Character education is crucial in forming leaders with high morality and ethics. In addition, the influence of character education on political leadership is critical in shaping responsible, just, inclusive, and moral leaders who tend to lead sustainable leadership, maintain peace, and promote justice. In this regard, the influence of character education on political leadership in Islam is critical to creating leaders who can maintain peace, resolve conflicts, and participate in moral international diplomacy. Character education also makes leaders who can communicate honestly, maintain morality and ethics, and lead with integrity.

This study addresses the issue of administrative leadership in Islam. It sheds light on the science of administration and leadership, whose rules, systems, and theories have been laid down by Islamic Sharia. The objective of the study is to identify the principles of administrative leadership in Islam and its features. To achieve the objective of the study, the researcher uses the qualitative approach. The most important results of the study are as follows. First , Islam is the pioneer in developing theories that regulate the various affairs and aspects of life. Second, leadership in Islam refers to the behaviour of the Caliph during his interaction with other members of the group. Moreover, leadership in Islam is a behavioural process, social interaction, and an activity that reflects authority. The study concludes with a set of recommendations the most important of which is the he necessity of promoting Islamic principles among administrative leaders, because of the positive impact they have on them and on workers.

In Islamic perspective leadership is a great feature and most important quality for achievement of national goals. Therefore, all kinds of national and organizational success are based up on quality of good leadership. Every group, society, organization, state and even the world at large need good leadership who can lead their supporters and followers and organizations towards successful physical and spiritual growth and development . It is also a fact that leadership is God gifted thing but we can enhance ability for eldership. Leadership should not be confused with the role of only those who make headlines but in essence almost everyone have sometimes somewhere, somehow played a leading role. It is also a historical fact that the Holy Prophet Muhammad ﷺ was granted all kind of leadership and He established some important principles of Islamic leadership which are necessary to follow them for successful leadership. These principles are foundation of great achievements which are led by the Holy Prophet ﷺ. It is also observed that the Islamic Leadership principles practiced by the Holy Prophet Muhammad ﷺ and subsequently by his Caliphs and pious followers which if practiced will provide success principles equally useful both for Muslims and for non-Muslims minorities both in an Islamic state and society. In this paper the efforts are made to elaborate the guiding principles of Islamic leadership in the light of the teachings of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ.

The performance of employees in a company is a parameter of success in realizing the vision and mission to achieve the goals of a company. Poor employee performance stems from a lack of implementation of work ethics and leadership. For a Muslim, work ethics and Islamic leadership are matters relating to the actions, attitudes, and attributes that a person performs and considers work as worship for Allah SWT and it is based on the Al-Quran and Hadith to get grace and a better quality of life. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of the application of Islamic work ethics and Islamic leadership on the performance of employees at the Bandung Islamic University Foundation. The research method used in this study is a survey method with a quantitative approach. The data source used in this study is primary data. The sampling technique in this study is non-probability sampling with a convenience sampling technique. The results of this study state that the Application of Islamic Work Ethics and Islamic Leadership influences Employee Performance.

The performance of employees in a company is a parameter of success in realizing the vision and mission to achieve the goals of a company. Poor employee performance stems from a lack of implementation of work ethics and leadership. For a Muslim, work ethics and Islamic leadership are matters relating to the actions, attitudes, and attributes that a person performs and considers work as worship for Allah SWT and it is based on the Al-Quran and Hadith to get grace and a better quality of life. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of the application of Islamic work ethics and Islamic leadership on the performance of employees at the Bandung Islamic University Foundation. The research method used in this study is a survey method with a quantitative approach. The data source used in this study is primary data. The sampling technique in this study is non-probability sampling with a convenience sampling technique. The results of this study state that the Application of Islamic Work Ethics and Islamic Leadership influences Employee Performance.

Ethical leadership is expected to communicate, promote, and reinforce the ethical behaviors of the followers. Ethical leadership has not fully considered the nature of the leader-follower exchange, and, in addition, few studies have considered the impact of follower individual differences in reactions to ethical leadership. However, virtuous leader behavior in the form of benevolent leadership has a considerable impact on employee creativity. Evans et. al. (2016) predicted that the impact of ethical leadership on organizational commitment, job satisfaction, and organizational identification is greater for individuals with a more benevolent orientation. However, little is know if it also results in employees’ creativity. More importantly, how benevolence and ethics in leadership affect creativity. For this, we proposed a theoretical framework merging Lin et. al. (2018) model of Benevolent Leadership, with Feng et. al. (2018) ethical leadership framework. More specifically, we proposed and tested a moderated mediation model positing leader-member exchange (LMX) as well as intrinsic motivation as a mediator, and employee power-distance orientation as a moderator in the relationship of ethical and benevolent leadership with employees and team creativity. Empirical validity was established by conducting a survey using a close-ended questionnaire. Data was collected from 300+ employees working in different sectors in Pakistan and analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis and structured equation modeling. As proposed in our theory, the results indicate a significant positive impact of Top Management Ethical and Benevolent Leadership on both intrinsic motivations, as well as Leader-Member Exchange (LMX). Moreover, both motivation and LMX positively impact both team and employees Creativity. However, LMX doesn’t seem to impact the employee’s creativity. Hence, overall all results indicated a positive indirect effect of both forms of leadership on creativity. Understandably, Power distance doesn’t seem to affect LMX but does impact motivation. Interestingly, the effect of Ethical leadership on both motivation and LMX is significantly weakened in cases of higher power distance. Whereas, the same power distance seems to strengthen benevolent leadership and motivation nexus. The findings imply that ethical leadership is not enough to induce creativity in a culture of higher power distance as it develops a gulf between followers and leaders, and it is needed to be complemented by benevolence.

This study explores the relationship between Islamic leadership, organizational justice, and employee psychological well-being in the workplace. Islamic leadership, rooted in the teachings of Islam, is examined for its influence on employee well-being. The concept of psychological well-being, encompassing self-acceptance, positive relationships, autonomy, environmental mastery, purpose in life, and personal growth, is the primary focus of this research. A quantitative research method with a positivist approach and survey methodology was employed. The results reveal a significant relationship between Islamic leadership, organizational justice, and employee well-being. Organizational justice is also found to mediate the relationship between Islamic leadership and psychological well-being. These findings hold significant implications for organizational management, emphasizing the importance of religious values in leadership and justice in creating a fair work environment. Islamic leadership can serve as a source of motivation for employees, while organizational justice can enhance employee well-being. The study's findings can be utilized as a foundation for developing more effective management strategies to improve employee psychological well-being in the workplace. This research contributes significantly to understanding the relationship between Islamic leadership, organizational justice, and employee well-being

Purpose– The paper provides some fundamental observations on leadership from an Islamic perspective and the Islamic revealed knowledge. The purpose of this paper is to measure the association between Islamic leadership and the most common western forms of leadership namely; transactional, transformational, authentic, and ethical leadership styles as well as its relationship on leader’s effectiveness and organizational innovation.Design/methodology/approach– An empirical investigation was conducted using portrait value questionnaire recommended by Schwartz (1994b), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) followed by structural equation modelling (SEM).Findings– The results indicated that Islamic leadership is positively and significantly associated with perception of leader effectiveness and innovation outcomes. In addition the findings revealed that Islamic leadership is positively correlated with transformational, ethical, and authentic leadership as well and not with the transactional leadership style.Practical implications– Among the practical implications of this research is that while a large body of leadership research has adopted a variation of leadership theories, our results suggest that we should seize to pay attention to the influential Islamic leadership.Originality/value– The originality of this paper is that it extends scholarly understanding on Islamic perspectives of management which is a relatively new and growing area of interest for academics and practitioners, in terms of both theory and practice.

This study aims to confirm the effect of Islamic work ethics and Islamic leadership on organizational commitment and performance of cleaning staff in Makassar City, which is predominantly Muslim, using 274 employees as a sample. The results of the WarpPLS 7.0 analysis provide evidence that Islamic work ethics is partially proven to increase organizational commitment, but Islamic leadership cannot have a significant effect on organizational commitment. Islamic work ethics and Islamic leadership make a real contribution to improving performance. The role of organizational commitment as an intervening variable is proven not to be a strong mediation in explaining the effect of Islamic work ethics and Islamic leadership on the performance of cleaning staff in Makassar City

Ethics in Leadership are an evolving and important subject to research in the Islamic political studies. This is because ethics in leadership are one of the foundations that deciding the value of good or bad. Many Muslim scholars who have poured his idea to build the concept of ethics in leadership that gives the benefit and happiness in this world and hereafter. Imam al-Ghazali is one of the scholars who has written works on ethics in leadership. His idea of ethics in leadership is built on a solid foundation and has a typical Sufi moral. His Thoughts on ethics in leadership has become a reference and an important example for many leaders in the world until today. This research is library research with the research is a qualitative descriptive approach. The results showed that the concept of ethics in leadership by Imam al-Ghazali oriented to the impact of the soul in the pursuit of happiness in this world and hereafter. Ethics in the thinking of Imam al-Ghazali described as rational and religious science that should be combined in the leadership. The idea of ethics in leadership was not similar to the dominant secular ethics. The requirement to be a leader according to Imam al-Ghazali is focused on aspects of the character and integrity of a leader. The essence is, ethics in leadership should be the path to apply God's law in order to create balance in the world toward eternal happiness in the afterlife. Keywords: Ethics, Leadership, Imam al-Ghazali, Political Sciences.

Leadership in Islam has a broad dimension, encompassing the values of trust, responsibility, and accountability before Allah SWT. In the context of Islamic education, a leader not only plays the role of managing educational institutions but also serves as a moral and spiritual example for students and educators. This article aims to examine the concept of the ideal leader from the perspective of the Qur'an, Hadith, and the views of Islamic education experts. Leaders in Islam are identified through concepts such as caliph, imam, uswah, qudwah, and qawwam, which emphasize the importance of fair, wise, and responsible leadership. This study employs a literature study method (library research) by analyzing various primary and secondary sources, such as the interpretation books, collections of hadith, and academic literature related to leadership in Islamic education. This article also includes an analysis of relevant hadiths and case studies on the implementation of ideal leadership in the context of Islamic education. The findings indicate that leadership in Islamic education must be based on the principles of honesty, justice, responsibility, and exemplary action

Purpose This is a step-by-step guide for teaching Ethics and Ethical Leadership utilizing the Harvard Everest Leadership and Teams Simulation, V.3. The suggested approach is focused on facilitating a discussion and coaching students to recognize and solve problems by applying moral theory explicitly and deliberately. Applying this approach can also help them develop a habit of analyzing one’s own and others' behavior using ethical lenses and principles of authentic leadership. It offers practical debrief steps and specific discussion questions that can be used as a standalone resource or alongside the Harvard teaching note accompanying the simulation. Design/methodology/approach This innovative approach enables teaching and coaching students on the ethical aspects of their leadership and decision-making based on this hands-on experience with the Harvard Everest Leadership and Teams Simulation. This approach enriches the original HBR teaching suggestions by enabling students to recognize moral dilemmas, confront typical rationalizations and practice ethical actions and decision-making in real time. Findings In-class discussion and student reflection assignments provide evidence of the method's effectiveness in translating values into impactful insights and enhanced likelihood of ethical behaviors in real-life scenarios. Students’ end-of-class feedback and course evaluations often cite the benefits of using the Everest simulation as a backdrop for raising self-awareness and practicing ethical decision-making. Practical implications The approach discussed in the paper can serve as a flexible framework for analyzing and debriefing the HBR Everest simulation and other simulations, “survival scenario” exercises and activities designed to teach and facilitate practicing ethical leadership, authentic leadership and ethical decision making. It is adaptable and can be effectively applied across various disciplines centered around ethical leadership, teamwork, communication and decision-making in higher education and business. Originality/value Harvard Everest Leadership and Teams Simulation is among the most popular ones in business education and is used by teachers worldwide (Roberto & Edmondson, 2017). While a comprehensive teaching note on communication and group dynamics is available through Harvard Business Publishing, it still needs to address the ethical issues students face during the simulation. This paper provides a roadmap for instructors who want to improve the student experience with ethical decision-making and ethical leadership.