Abstract
Forests are an immense reservoir of biological resources and provide the local population with subsistence needs, especially for edible fruits. This study contributes to a better knowledge of the use modes of non-cultivate edible plant species in the area of Kasa, traditional name for the department of Oussouye. Ethnobotanical surveys, based on an interview guide, oral discussions and direct observations were conducted among 178 people from the department of Oussouye, stronghold of the Diola ethnic group. A factorial correspondence analysis highlighted the relationship between species and categories of use. The frequency of citation, informant consensus factor and use value showed the socio-cultural importance of the species. The data collected identified 62 edible species divided into 31 families and 54 genera. The fruit species inventoried are used for different purposes. They are a food source with 62% of citations, energetic 19%, technological 14%, medicinal 13%, cultural 6% and agronomic 2% for the populations. Two species stand out for their high use value factor (UVt). These were Elaeis guineensis (12.24) and Borassus aethiopum (7.56). In addition to their use value, species such as Mangifera indica, Neocarya macrophylla, Parkia biglobosa, Anacardium occidentale, Ceiba pentandra, Parinari excelsa, stood out for their categories and organs used. These results inform us about the level of use of fruit species for different needs and open up avenues for research in sustainable management of this resource with the aim of reducing poverty.
Highlights
Tropical forests constitute an immense reservoir of biological resources for pharmacopoeia, food, construction, timber industry and handicrafts among local populations
Our results show a certain homogeneity of uses of plant species in the Kasa area with a high consensus factor (ICF) for all use categories
This study identified the needs of the populations in relation to the 62 fruit species exploited in the Kasa area and highlighted the relationship between these species and the needs of the populations
Summary
Tropical forests constitute an immense reservoir of biological resources for pharmacopoeia, food, construction, timber industry and handicrafts among local populations They provide local populations with subsistence needs. The contribution of these products to food security and primary health care has been amply demonstrated, as nearly 80% of the population in developing countries use them for health care or food (Allabi et al, 2011). In this sense, traditional medicine relieves more than 70% of the populations of the Third World (Malaisse, 1992) and 80% of the African peoples (Jiofack et al , 2009). The use of plants requires a wider and deeper knowledge in order to be able to integrate them into the socio-economic development processes of the populations
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