Ethnicity has overtaken race in medical science: MEDLINE-based comparison of trends in the USA and the rest of the world, 1965-2005

To investigate the growth of interest, if any, in complementary or alternative medicine by the professional scientific community from the number of MEDLINE-listed and clinical trial-type articles for January 1, 1966, through December 31, 1996. Systematic literature searches of the MEDLINE database, using the expanded terms "alternative medicine," "traditional medicine," "acupuncture," "homeopathy," and "chiropractic," were conducted in January 1998 to evaluate the number of all articles. The number of clinical trial-type articles on the above was obtained by conducting searches for those indexed as 1 or more of the following publication types: clinical trial; clinical trial phase 1, 2, 3, or 4; controlled clinical trial; metaanalysis; randomized controlled trial; and limited to "human" trials only. Articles indexed as alternative medicine formed a small proportion (0.4%) of the total number of MEDLINE-listed articles throughout the period studied. From 1966 through 1996, the total number of articles listed in MEDLINE rose significantly to a peak of 400000 additions per annum in 1996 (r = 0.97; P<.001). By contrast, the number of articles indexed under alternative medicine rose progressively only from 1972 through 1986 and since then has been relatively stable at around 1500 additions per annum. For this period, the proportion of clinical trial-type alternative medicine articles was low (mean, 2.1% per annum) but increased significantly from 1987 through 1996, reaching around 10% of the total in 1996 (r = 0.79; P<.001). Patterns of growth in the number of publications for individual therapies have varied during the period studied, and clinical trial-type articles form only a small part of any increase. Interest in and awareness of complementary medicine among orthodox health care professionals has increased in the past 30 years. The increase in the number and proportion of reports of clinical trials indicates an increasing level of original research activity in complementary medicine and suggests a trend toward an evidence-based approach in this discipline. The cumulative number of clinical trial-type articles is small, however, and more high-quality original research in complementary medicine is required.

The aim of the study was to analyze the 100 most cited publications with Turkish origin in the Web of Science Otorhinolaryngology (ORL) journals. The Web of Science database was searched in terms of citations for publications originating from Turkey in ORL journals since 1983. After the identification of the 100 most cited articles, analysis was performed for the first author, institution, city, publication type, subject related to subspecialty, and journals having the most cited articles. Moreover, the number of ORL publications and citations of countries was determined in descending order using the same database. A total of 3948 ORL articles with Turkish origin was identified. The number of citations was 181 for the first and 28 for the last in the 100 most cited articles. As there was more than one article with 28 citations, 101 articles were analyzed. The number of the articles was 76, 22, and 3 for the university, education/research, and state hospitals, respectively. Hacettepe University, Ankara Numune Hospital, and Gazi University were the three leading institutions having the most cited articles, and Ankara was the first city. While 98 of 101 articles were original research, the number of case reports and review articles were 2 and 1, respectively. Thirty-five articles were related to otology, 23 to pediatric ORL, 20 to rhinology and head and neck surgery, and 3 to facial plastic surgery. Laryngoscope, Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, and International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology were the leading 3 journals with the most cited articles coming from Turkey. The evaluation of countries revealed that Turkey was among the first 10 countries in terms of number of ORL articles but fell behind for the number of citations. This bibliometric study is the first one regarding the contribution of Turkish authors and institutions to ORL literature. Similar studies might be periodically repeated to determine national development in the field of ORL and place of Turkey in the world.

Measuring Puberty

BackgroundEye diseases with increasing mortality are common health problems that affect people of all ages and demographic backgrounds. In this study, we study the publication characteristics in international ophthalmic journals of the US, the UK, Germany, Australia, Japan, and China.MethodsArticles published in 53 ophthalmic journals from 2000 to 2011 were retrieved from the PubMed database. We recorded the number of articles published each year, analyzed the publication type, and evaluated the accumulated and average impact factors (IFs), and the distribution of articles in ophthalmic journals in relation to IFs. The characteristics of publication outputs from China and other top-ranking countries were compared.ResultsThe total number of articles increased significantly during the past 12 years, with an increase of 51.0%. The growth in the annual number of articles from the US, the UK, Australia, and China showed a significantly positive trend. Publications from the US exceeded those from any other country and had the highest IFs, largest number of total citations of articles, and the most articles published in leading ophthalmic journals. During the past 12 years, China contributed 3.5% of the total publications, and the number of Chinese articles showed a more than 6-fold increase (from 99 to 605, R2 =0.947, P<0.001). The numbers of IFs and citations of articles originating in China were mostly lower than for other top-ranking counties.ConclusionsResearch on ophthalmic journals has maintained an upward growing trend from 2000 to 2011. Chinese ophthalmology research has developed rapidly, but the gap still exists between China and other top-ranking countries for the advanced level of research.

Objective: The purpose of this research is to reveal the mental problems experienced by healthcare professionals during the Covid 19 Pandemic. It is also intended to provide inputs for health policies and human resource management. Method: The research was carried out with the bibliometric analysis method. Within the scope of the research, 4043 articles published in the Web of Science Core Collection database between 2020 and 2021 were examined. Result: It was found that the articles examined within the scope of the research were published in 1329 sources (journals, books, etc.), the citation rate per article was 9.97, the number of articles with a single author was 200, and the ratio of articles with a single author to all articles was 0.049. In addition, as a result of the research, the most important effects of the Covid 19 Pandemic on the mental health of healthcare workers; anxiety, depression, stress, insomnia, and burnout. Conclusion: In order to reduce or eliminate the negative mental problems experienced by healthcare professionals, increasing the psychological resilience of their employees, improving their working conditions, improving their communication with each other and with the managers, coping with stress, managing anxiety, etc. Providing expert support on their issues and carrying out activities that support morale and motivation will help reduce the negative effects experienced. Improving the mental health of health workers will have a positive effect on the health system and will ensure the correct implementation of human resources policies.

In the year 2013 Medical Archives journal has published a total of 125 articles (it was until now most extensive volume of the journal).Submission was carried out only electronically trough the Data Base Management System: www.scopemed.org.Th e journal has its own web site: www.avicenapublisher.org and it is possible to download full articles in PDF format.Most reviewers are from Bosnia and Herzegovina, but there is a signifi cant number published articles from other countries.A large number of articles was returned to authors due to linguistic and technical shortcomings, but also relatively poor scientifi c content.Th ere is ongoing work on the promotion of peer reviewing process to prevent deceits, but also to improve journal scientometrics indicators (impact factor, citation of the article, journal citations, the number and order of authors in articles, etc.).Rejection rate was up to 60%.

n the year 2013 Acta Informatica Medica journal has published a total of 66 articles. Submission was carried out only electronically trough the Data Base Management System: www.scopemed.org. The journal has its own web site: www.avicenapublisher.org and it is possible to down-load full articles in PDF format. Most articles are from Bosnia and Herzegovina, but there is a signifi cant number published articles from other countries. A large number of articles was returned to authors due to linguistic and technical shortcomings, but also relatively poor scientifi c content. There is ongoing work on the promotion of peer reviewing process to prevent deceits, but also to improve journal scientometrics indicators (impact factor, citation of the article, journal citations, the number and order of au-thors in articles, etc.). Rejection rate was up to 46%.The structure of the articles published in the Acta Infor-matica Medica during 2013 was dominated by the original articles - 51, followed by case reports - 5, professional pa-pers - 4, reviews - 4. Each issue of the journal as a rule con-tain contributions such as: news, book reviews, in memo-riam etc. Last year is also published the Guidelines with professional and educational features (1, 2, 3).The authors of the article published in the Acta Infor-matica Medica in 2013 were from 16 countries: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Serbia, Kosovo, Iran, Turkey, USA, Egypt, Albania, Macedonia, India, Greece, Slovenia, France, Brazil and Saudi Arabia. The ratio of articles by au-thors from Bosnia and Herzegovina and abroad is 21:79. According to the medical fi elds of the published articles, the largest number was from clinical medicine - 34, fol-lowed by articles from preclinical disciplines - 18 and Public Health - 14. The largest number of articles was from the fi eld of in-ternal medicine - 45,1%, then, surgery - 16,1%, Pediatrics - 16,1%, neuropsychiatry - 3,2%, gynecology and obstetrics - 3,2%, nuclear medicine - 3,2%, etc. Most frequently pub-lished papers were from Medica Informatics fi eld - 28,5%, then from Biochemistry - 14,3%, etc. The time period from acceptance to publication of articles (received/accepted time): 50-59 days was presented in 16 cases, then, 60-69 days in 15 cases, 40 -49 days in 6 cases, 80-89 days in 6 cases, while the interval - over 100 days was only in 3 cases. So, the largest number of papers was waiting for publication between 2 and 3 months. (fi gure 1, 2). The reviewers of the articles published in Acta Infor-matica Medica in 2013 were: • Damir Aganovic (BiH)• Omid Aghadavoudi (Iran)• Kenan Arnautovic (USA)• Mehmedali Azemi (Kosova)• Adem Balic (BiH)• Marion Ball (USA)• Rusmir Baljic (BiH)• Jacob Bergsland (Norway)• Alma Bravo (BiH)• Marko Buksa (BiH)• Genc Burazeri (Albania)• Vesna Cukic (BiH)• Vida Demarin (Croatia)• Doncho Donev (Macedonia)• Masoud Ferdosi (Iran)• Armen Yuri Gasparyan (UK)• Vjekoslav Gerc (BiH)• Zulfo Godinjak (BiH)• Mirko Grujic (BiH)

A Review of:&#x0D; Late, E., Tenopir, C., Talja, S., &amp; Christian, L. (2019). Reading practices in scholarly work: From articles and books to blogs. Journal of Documentation, 75(3), 478-499. https://doi.org/10.1108/JD-11-2018-0178&#x0D; Abstract&#x0D; Objective – To closely examine the role of reading in scholarly work, with particular attention to the relationships between reading practices and characteristics of the scholars, the types of publications they read, and the context of reading.&#x0D; Design – Survey.&#x0D; Setting – Universities in Finland.&#x0D; Subjects – 528 academics (research directors/managers, professors, post doctoral researchers, doctoral students, lecturers, and researchers).&#x0D; Methods – An online survey was distributed in Finland, October-December 2016. The first part of the survey asked about scholars’ general reading practices; the second part asked about their most recent reading of two particular publications, one a journal article and the other a different publication type. In relation to these two readings, the scholars provided information about the documents read, the reading process and context, how the document was identified and obtained, and the effect of the reading on their work.&#x0D; Main Results – On average, the scholars read 59 publications per month: 20 journal articles, 3 books, 5 conference proceedings or research reports, 17 newspaper articles, 9 magazine articles, 4 blogs, and 2 non-fiction/fiction books. There was no statistically significant difference in the number of journal articles read across disciplines, but the number of books read was highest in the humanities and social sciences and lowest in the sciences and medical sciences. Frequency of reading of particular publication types also varied by work focus (research vs. teaching/administrative) and by the nature of the scholar’s research (basic vs. applied).&#x0D; The scholars were also asked about the importance of reading different publication types. Overall, scholarly journals and article compilations were rated as most important for scholarly reading. Differences in these ratings were found across disciplines, work focus, nature of the research, and scholar rank/status.&#x0D; Part 2 of the survey focused on the most recent items read by the scholars. Their reading of journal articles, scholarly books, and conference proceedings/research reports was mainly for the purpose of research and writing. Their reading of newspaper articles, magazine articles, and blogs was mainly for current awareness and continuing education. Their reading of non-fiction/fiction books was mainly for their personal interest or pleasure. None of these publication types was specifically focused on supporting the scholars’ teaching.&#x0D; Over 70 percent of the recent readings were new, rather than re-readings. Across all publication types, the scholars read at least parts of the item “with great care”. Almost half of the journal articles recently read have been or will be cited in the future; this proportion was also high for scholarly books and conference proceedings/research reports, but not for the other publication types.&#x0D; The most recently read journal articles were brought to the scholar’s attention primarily through searching; they became aware of scholarly books and conference proceedings/research reports through both searching and because another person told them about the item. Scholars mainly obtained journal articles and scholarly books from their libraries, but they also obtained articles on the Internet and scholarly books from another person.&#x0D; Forty percent of the scholars read journal articles by printing a downloaded copy, but over half read them on a computer, mobile phone, or e-reader. Over half of the scholarly books were read from published/printed copy, but 18% read the book in an electronic version. Most reading occured in the scholar’s office or lab.&#x0D; Over half the journal articles and conference proceedings/research reports read were published within the last year; just under half the scholarly books read were published within the last year. While these scholars worked in Finland, 91% of the journal articles and 73% of the scholarly books they read were published in English.&#x0D; Conclusion – The results from this study confirmed and extended findings from previous studies (e.g., Tenopir et al., 2010, 2015). They demonstrated that scholars read a variety of types of publications for a variety of purposes. However, journal articles still dominated the reading and the perceptions of importance among the various publication types, particularly for the purposes of research and writing. This paper provides a first look at scholars’ uses of the other publication types and the influence of work tasks on reading practices; further research is needed to understand these relationships more fully. In general, the disciplinary differences in reading practices found in this study mirror the different publishing practices of the disciplines and so may be affected by future evolution toward open access and social media use for scholarly communication.

With the recent advancements in internet facilities, selection of effective keywords has now become an easy task.[1] These keywords help in indexing published literature in a journal. The success of any published literature depends on the number of citations of an article. A wise selection of keywords by the authors help in the wider dissemination of an article. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) are standardised keywords present in the MeSH database to index articles in MEDLINE/PubMed.[2] The MeSH database is a vocabulary thesaurus developed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) for indexing articles in PubMed.[3] MeSH terms provide information on the content of an article. Changes in medical terminology in published literature is reflected by MeSH headings which are regularly updated by the NLM. Four terms are included in the MeSH vocabulary. These are MeSH headings, subheadings, supplementary concept records (SCR) and publication type. The concept mentioned in biomedical literature is called 'MeSH headings' (descriptors). Attached to the MeSH headings are 'subheadings' (qualifiers) that clearly describe a definite aspect of a concept. Chemicals, drugs, and rare diseases are labelled as 'SCR'. 'Publication type' describes the type of research that is indexed. The next question that arises in the mind of the researcher is to how to search for MeSH keywords on the PubMed database. Currently, authors use mainly three methods to search for said keywords: first, using the MeSH browser; second, using MeSH keywords from the selected PubMed articles; and third, using the MeSH on Demand tool. In the MeSH browser method, you can open the PubMed home page and then look for 'Explore' or 'More Resources' and click on the MeSH database link. The window showing the word 'MeSH' on the left-hand side of the ribbon will be seen. From here, look for the horizontal panel where you can type words for direct search of MeSH terms. You can type any word related to your research; for example, you can type in 'nerve block' and then click on 'Search'. The next page will show the definition of the word that was typed (if it is a PubMed MeSH keyword), or else it will suggest an existing MeSH keyword to you.[4] The second method for finding MeSH keywords in PubMed is to open an abstract of the relevant article and look below the abstract for MeSH terms. It will show all of the MeSH terms related to that article. The third method involves the MeSH on Demand tool in which you can copy and paste up to 10,000 characters. Following this, MeSH terms are highlighted using natural language processing and the NLM Medical Text Indexer. This method assists authors in looking up MeSH keywords even without having done the MeSH indexing or even in looking up any downloads of MeSH for the article. You can start by pasting the link (https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov /MeSHonDemand) on the browser to open MeSH on Demand. After copying and pasting the concerned text or abstract, press the button that reads 'Find MeSH term'. All MeSH terms will be highlighted in the paragraph and a list of ranked MeSH words or an alphabetical list of MeSH terms will be displayed on the right side of the screen.[5] The impact of using MeSH terms for keywords in publications are that it increases the scientific visibility of the article and its chances of it being retrieved by authors who are performing a literature search for relevant topics.[6] The MeSH database has a hierarchy or tree structure because of which both broader and more specific searches yield better results.[7,8] The terms are annually updated in the English language to reflect changes in terminology and account for variations in language, synonyms, and alternate spellings. MeSH terms provide a universal article labelling system. The official words or phrases that are labelled as MeSH terms represent a particular biomedical concept in MEDLINE. The official MeSH list provides terms for indexers to label an article. This particularly helps in locating an article specific to a topic. Efficient search is facilitated by MeSH terms. If MeSH terms are not used as keywords by authors and the journal does not insist on its use, this leads to poor visibility of the article, thereby reducing the chances of the article being cited. The impact of this is dual: for the author, there are less chances of their paper being cited and them being recognised and acknowledged for their research; and for the journal, there is a lower impact factor. The impact factor is calculated by the number of articles that are cited from the journal in the last two years.[9] The MeSH browser has certain limitations.[10] One may not be able to retrieve an article that was recently published and that is yet to be indexed on MEDLINE due to the short lag time between the citations that are entered into the PubMed database and their description with MeSH terms. As MeSH terms are not available for most genes, it is difficult to find research topics with gene names. MeSH terms may not be added to the latest emerging research. The articles are also difficult to retrieve if they are not indexed for MEDLINE. For any further questions or queries regarding PubMed MeSH keywords, the authors can send them to at [email protected]

Objective To explore the hotspots and developing direction of splenic surgery in China. Methods The biliometric analysis was adopted. Database including Chinese Database of Literature on Biomedicine were searched with 脾,外科,移植 . The time for retrieving was from January 1984 to December 2013. Chinese articles on splenic surgery which were published by academic journals were retrieved, and data were analyzed and evaluated by 2 independent researchers, including published year, distribution of journals, key words, authors and publication type. The P-value was calculated according to P=2Ln(eE×Y), and Euler′s number=0.577 2 and Y was maximum amount of published articles in each journal. Results (1) Published year: 1 977 articles were retrieved. There were 168 articles from 1984 to 1993, and number of articles in every year was less than 30. There were 562 articles from 1994 to 2003 and increasing number of articles in every year, with a maximum number of 88. There were 1 247 articles from 2004 to 2013, and average number of articles in every year was 125, with a maximum number of 165 in 2009. (2) Distribution of journals: all the articles have been published in 489 journals, including 9 surgical journals in the core journal such as Chinese Journal of Hepatobiliary Surgery and 7 journals from Chinese Science Citation Database. The maximum number of published articles of each journal was 54, and literature number in the core journals P≈9. (3) Distribution of key words: occurrence frequencies of 脾破裂 and 脾切除术 were very high in 3 periods (from 1984 to 1993, from 1994 to 2003, from 2004 to 2013) and percentages of occurrence frequencies were respectively 9.524%, 24.911%, 51.163% and 12.500%, 19.217%, 38.813%, showing an increasing trend. Occurrence frequencies of 回顾性研究 手术后期间 胰腺切除术 and 脾动脉 reached the top 20 of key words from 1994 to 2003 and then continued to increase from 2004 to 2013, and occurrence frequency of 回顾性研究 was significantly increased with a growth rate of 23.742%. The percentages of occurrence frequencies of 回顾性研究 手术后期间 胰腺切除术 and 脾动脉 were respectively 3.203%, 8.185%, 4.448%, 3.559% from 1994 to 2003 and 26.945%, 16.279%, 7.939%, 6.496% from 2004 to 2013. 创伤和损伤 and 腹腔镜 first appeared on the top 20 of key words from 2004 to 2013, with percentages of occurrence frequencies of 15.958% and 11.307%. Occurrence frequencies of 胰腺 and 肝 were gradually increased in 3 periods, with the percentages of 2.976%, 3.915%, 10.906% and 1.786%, 4.804%, 6.496%. The percentage of occurrence frequency of 移植,自体 in 3 periods was respectively 15.476%, 20.107%, 8.821%. Conclusions The Chinese articles of splenic surgery are rising obviously in the past 30 years. The splenic injury and splenectomy have always been research hotspots in splenic surgery. The preservation of spleen function and minimal invasive surgery are the developing direction of splenic surgery. Key words: Splenic surgery; Biliometrics

Study Design: Retrospective review Purpose: To quantify trends in published research in 8 major orthopaedic and spine journals related to Early Onset Scoliosis (EOS) from 2005-2020. We also investigated publication trends in specific subtopics within EOS research. Methods: The electronic archives of 8 journals (Spine, European Spine Journal, Journal of Children’s Orthopaedics, Spine Deformity, Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics, Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics B, The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery-American Volume and The Bone and Joint Journal) were queried for articles published from 2005-2020 containing search terms particular to the following subtopics of EOS research: congenital scoliosis, infantile scoliosis, thoracic insufficiency syndrome, scoliosis casting, Traditional Growing Rod, Vertical Expandable Prosthetic Titanium Rib, Magnetically Controlled Growing Rod and EOS in general. Results were screened to exclude editorials, conference papers and corrections. Included EOS articles were aggregated and analyzed with respect to journal, year of publication and subtopic. Results: From 2005-2020, a total of 32,000 publications were identified, of which 1,818 (5.7%) were qualified as EOS articles by the presence of at least one search term. The annual number of EOS articles increased from 60 in 2005 to 157 in 2020 and the annual ratio of EOS articles to total publications increased from 4.1% to 7.9%. Congenital spine-related terms matched to the greatest number of articles, while implant-related terms collectively experienced the greatest percentage increase in matching articles per year. Conclusion: The number of EOS articles published in 8 major orthopaedic and spine journals increased in both absolute and relative terms from 2005-2020. Implant-related subtopics saw the greatest increase.

Unhealthy lifestyle behaviours are primary contributors to the prevalence of lifestyle-related conditions this century. To examine the potential impact of the seminal World Health Organization-endorsed Ottawa Charter on health promotion in 1986 on physical therapy practice, we systematically reviewed articles that focused on physical activity for general health, smoking cessation, optimal nutrition, weight control, stress management, and sleep hygiene over two epochs. A search strategy was conducted in Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature to retrieve articles published between 1986 and 1989, and between 2006 and 2009 in five leading generalist physical therapy journals, and to compare numbers of relevant articles that focused on the lifestyle behaviours of interest. Articles were retrieved through title page searches of online and in print issues. Changes over time were evaluated with the Fisher exact test. Over 20 years, only the number of articles on physical activity and sleep hygiene increased. Although no benchmark exists, publication trends in physical therapy with respect to lifestyle-related conditions are somewhat consistent with epidemiological priorities, at least with respect to physical activity. Our findings could further sensitise the physical therapy community to health promotion and the prevention of lifestyle-related conditions to meet societal needs this century, specifically, the need to develop clinical competencies related to multiple health behaviour change.

Easy access to tables of contents from vendors and the technological development of optical character reading have actualized access to articles in books via tables of contents in library catalogs. From earlier studies we know that analytic book catalogs can provide access to up to 600% more works than the traditional catalog by simply adding analytics for works in composite works to the catalog, In this study we examine the proportion of composite works and the number of articles in these books in two different university libraries. The influences of library type, publication language, subject field, and date of publication are examined, and the results are compared to previous studies. The proportion of composite works is between 10% and 20%. The number of articles in the composite works varies from 20 to 30 articles per book—highest for the sciences and the English-language publications and lowest for the social sciences.

Authorship and Publication Matters: Credit and Credibility.

Continuing controversy surrounds screening mammography, particularly for women 40 to 49 years of age. Newspapers are potentially important sources of information on this topic, but it is not known whether they provide well-founded and objective information and recommendations. To examine how screening mammography is reported in newspapers. Cross-sectional descriptive study. 6 top-circulation U.S. newspapers, 1990 to 1997. Number of articles about screening mammography, issues covered by the articles, information sources, content and sources of quotes, recommendations cited in articles, and presentation of risks and benefits. The most common theme of newspaper articles about mammography was screening for women 40 to 49 years of age. Thirty-one percent of the articles presented information without citing a source or justification. Quotes and recommendations in the articles were approximately twice as likely to support as to express reservations about mammography for women aged 40 to 49 years. Recommendations changed little over time and rarely reflected changes in recommendations of national organizations. Of the 102 articles describing the benefits of mammography, 95% expressed them in relative terms and 11% expressed them in absolute terms. Newspapers tended to overrepresent support for screening mammography for women aged 40 to 49 years. Reports would have been improved by identification of all sources for information cited, less reliance on relatively few sources, and discussion of benefits in absolute as well as relative terms. Medical journalism may benefit from identification of standards similar to those used for reporting medical research.