Abstract
Ethiopia’s Health Extension Program: Improving Health through Community Involvement
Highlights
Ethiopia is one of the poorest countries in the world with a US$330 per capita Gross National Income in 2009
The health system remained weak until the country introduced a 20-year health sector development program in 1977, which is being implemented in four phases.[1]
This paper is based primarily on three major studies conducted at Miz-Hasab Research Center (MHRC): The Last Ten Kilometers— L10K (2008);[7] System Wide Effect of the Fund (SWEF, 2010),[8] and Good Health at Low Cost (GHLC).[9]
Summary
Ethiopia is one of the poorest countries in the world with a US$330 per capita Gross National Income in 2009. The program was expected to help accelerate the country’s progress in meeting Millennium Development Goals (MDG) 4, 5 and 6 (reduce child mortality; improve maternal health; combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases).[6] It is the country’s major health program: by 2010, there were 30,578 HEWs serving almost all villages in rural areas where sedentary farming rather than nomadism is the norm.[2]. This paper is based primarily on three major studies conducted at Miz-Hasab Research Center (MHRC): The Last Ten Kilometers— L10K (2008);[7] System Wide Effect of the Fund (SWEF, 2010),[8] and Good Health at Low Cost (GHLC).[9] These found that HEP accelerated access to primary health care and had an impact in reducing communicable diseases and maternal and childhood mortality.
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