Abstract
A rich and growing body of literature has emerged on ethics in epidemiologic research and public health practice. Recent articles have included conceptual frameworks of public health ethics and overviews of historical developments in the field. Several important topics in public health ethics have also been highlighted. Attention to ethical issues can facilitate the effective planning, implementation, and growth of a variety of public health programs and research activities. Public health ethics is consistent with the prevention orientation of public health. Ethical concerns can be anticipated or identified early and effectively addressed through careful analysis and consultation.
Highlights
A rich and growing body of literature has emerged on ethics in epidemiologic research and public health practice [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11]
This article provides an overview of ethical issues in epidemiologic research and public health practice for readers who do not necessarily have an in-depth knowledge of public health ethics
In the discussion that follows, a summary is provided of current definitions and conceptualizations of public health ethics and key ethical concerns in the field
Summary
A rich and growing body of literature has emerged on ethics in epidemiologic research and public health practice [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11]. Specific ethical issues arising in epidemiologic research and public health practice that have been highlighted in ethics guidelines include minimizing risks and providing benefits, informed consent, avoiding and disclosing conflicts of interest, obligations to communities, and the institutional review board system. One of the important issues considered by research ethics committees and by individual researchers is the adequacy of provisions for obtaining the informed consent of study participants These are just some of the ethical issues addressed in ethics guidelines developed for epidemiologists and other public health professionals. Questionnaire development, laboratory analysis, and logistic regression techniques are commonly employed in etiologic studies with a case-control design, as well as in many case-control studies conducted as part of outbreak investigations To address this http://www.ete-online.com/content/3/1/16 issue, guidelines from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention state that the major difference between research and non-research lies in the primary intent of the activity. A few specific exceptions exist, such as mandatory partner notification laws for HIV infection that physicians are legally required to follow in some states [64]
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