Ethical Dilemmas and Adaptations in Psychological Practice During Wartime

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The article offers an analysis of the most common ethical challenges experienced by psychologists working in wartime conditions. In addition to documenting these ethical concerns, the study highlights the results of data analysis about the experiences of Ukrainian psychologists before and after the start of a full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine. Specifically, evidence presented in this contribution highlights the impact of war on ethical aspects of psychological care that are based on changes in psychologists’ intrapersonal resources, their capacity to carry out their work, their war-related volunteer contributions, their cognitive appraisals of war situations, their understanding of the limitations of professional competence, and other topics related to ethical concerns. The results of the study elucidate ethical dilemmas faced by psychologists practicing in war conditions, with specific focus on adaptations in practice by Ukrainian psychologists who continue to practice amid the war.

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  • REVIEW OF TRANSPORT ECONOMICS AND MANAGEMENT
  • I.V Anhelko

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СІМЕЙНИЙ БІЗНЕС ЯК ЗАПОРУКА РОЗВИТКУ НАЦІОНАЛЬНИХ ЕКОНОМІК
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Education provision and academic mobility increase among students of National University of Life and Environmental Sciences (Ukraine) in conditions of war
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  • Svetlana Kachmarchyk + 3 more

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  • Economic Bulletin of Dnipro University of Technology
  • Shvets V Ya + 2 more

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Regional features of Ukrainian higher education in wartime conditions
  • Feb 29, 2024
  • Naukovyi Visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu
  • K I Levchuk + 4 more

Purpose. To describe the regional organizational features of educational services proposed by higher educational institutions (HEIs) of Ukraine in wartime. Methodology. Normative documents regulating the educational process in Ukraine in wartime conditions were analyzed. Observations, interviews, online surveys, and questionnaires followed by mathematical and statistical analysis constituted the empirical basis of the research. The selection of respondents was carried out in HEIs which are not located in the zones of active hostilities or in the immediate vicinity of them. Findings. Since the beginning of the full-scale war in Ukraine, students of higher education have had problems of an infrastructural, institutional, and personal nature. Mixed training has become the optimal form of training for HEIs which are not located in the zones of active hostilities or in the immediate vicinity of them. To ensure continuous learning, higher education institutions should offer students flexible options for education; establish communication between students and experienced and qualified teachers; guarantee access to relevant educational materials; create online learning platforms; provide students with mental health support; cooperate with other universities and educational establishments; and make any necessary adjustments to programs and services. For mixed learning formats, it is best to apply the following educational technologies: online learning platforms; virtual classrooms for lectures and group discussions; video conferencing tools; digital libraries; mobile learning software; and messengers. Originality. Access to high-quality educational opportunities in higher education institutions in the conditions of war in Ukraine requires the introduction of flexible forms of education. Mixed training will be effective in certain regions of the country under acceptable safety conditions. Practical value. Assessment of access for higher education learners to educational resources and technologies in the conditions of war in Ukraine has been performed. The effectiveness of distance education has been studied. Strategies have been developed to solve the problem of ensuring the continuity of education in active combat zones or in the immediate vicinity of them.

  • Research Article
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ANALYSIS OF THE FUNCTIONING TRENDS OF THE VEGETABLE MARKET OF UKRAINE IN THE CONDITIONS OF WAR
  • Sep 20, 2024
  • Economic innovations
  • O.V Nikishyna + 2 more

Topicality. The market of vegetable crops is one of the strategic agricultural markets of Ukraine, which ensures its food security. In wartime, market functioning trends changed: product consumption and market capacity decreased, import volumes increased significantly, price volatility increased, problems with long-term storage of crops that had not been resolved in peacetime were actualized. The domestic market of vegetable crops has an unrealized natural resource potential for sustainable development, which is gradually being destroyed in modern conditions. Ukraine remains a net importer of vegetables, which is evidence of inefficient use of its own resource potential and the absence of balanced import substitution mechanisms. The relevance and applied significance of scientific research is determined by its compliance with the main goals and objectives of the "Fruit and Vegetable Ukraine" project of the State Recovery Plan. Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to determine the trends and structural and dynamic changes in the Ukrainian vegetable market during the war, as an analytical basis for programmatic and strategic documents of market development. The task of the research: to establish the peculiarities of market reproduction processes and security threats; carry out a comprehensive analysis of structural and dynamic changes in export-import supplies of the main types of vegetable crops in peacetime and wartime, the dynamics of the ratio of import to export coverage; conduct an analysis of the basic indicators of vegetable production in Ukraine and the Southern macroregion; justify the influence of military actions on the functioning of the vegetable market. Materials and Methods. The results of the theoretical generalization of scientific works in the direction of monitoring and diagnosis of the vegetable market of Ukraine, official information data of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, the State Customs Service of Statistics of Ukraine, the Main Statistics Offices in the Odesa and Mykolaiv regions form the informational and methodical basis of the study. The following methods were used to solve the tasks: generalization, structural-dynamic and comparative analysis, graphic, synthesis and grouping, statistical. Research results. The study analyzed the trends in the functioning of the strategic vegetable market of Ukraine in wartime conditions. The features of the reproduction processes that form the commodity boundaries of the relevant market and affect the dynamics of its development are determined. The main economic parameters of the market - foreign trade, production, price conditions - in peacetime and wartime are considered. Attention is focused on the peculiarities of structural and geographical changes in export-import supplies of various types of crops during the war period. The main factors of changes in the regional structure of vegetable production and price volatility in war conditions have been established. The impact of military operations on the transformation of the relevant market in terms of structure, production, prices, security, foreign trade parameters is substantiated. Based on the obtained results of the analysis, a stable tendency of import over export of vegetable crops was established both in the pre-war and in the war period. In the conditions of the war, the ratio of import coverage by export decreased by three times (from 0.79 to 0.3 units), which indicates the strengthening of import dependence of the domestic vegetable market. The peculiarity of import supplies of vegetables is their seasonality, the increase of imports in the winter period due to the limited number of vegetable storage facilities. Changes in the territorial boundaries of the relevant market and the regional structure of the production of vegetable crops due to the relocation of commodity producers were studied. A trend of decreasing production volumes and planted areas of vegetables in 2022 was established, which changed in the second war year to a positive trend of growth in the basic indicators of vegetable production. Their dynamics in the southern macro-region of Ukraine were studied. It is emphasized that in conditions of uncertainty and security threats, the price volatility of the vegetable market increases, reducing the economic availability of products for the population. Conclusion. 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  • Research Article
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Стан загального імунітету в породілей із гнійними ранами під час воєнних дій
  • Dec 28, 2023
  • UKRAINIAN JOURNAL OF PERINATOLOGY AND PEDIATRICS
  • A.B Рrуlutska + 5 more

Purpose - to study the immune status of women giving birth with an infection of an obstetric surgical wound in the conditions of war, which will make it possible to develop and implement a pathogenetically justified method of wound infection therapy in the postpartum period. Materials and methods. We studied the immune status of 66 women in labor with an infection of an obstetric surgical wound in the conditions of war from February 24, 2022 and compared it with the indicators of general immunity of 76 women in labor with an infection of an obstetric surgical wound in peacetime. The material for the study of general immunity was peripheral blood, which was taken from the moment of infection of the obstetric surgical wound. To assess the state of general immunity, the total number of T lymphocytes (CD3+), their immunoregulatory subpopulations - T helpers/inducers (CD4+) and T suppressors/killers (CD8+), the number of B lymphocytes (CD22+), NK cells (CD16+) were counted), the immunoregulatory index (CD4+/CD8+) was calculated, the concentration of circulating immune complexes and immunoglobulins of classes A, M, G, phagocytic index and phagocytic number were determined. Statistical data processing was carried out using the package of application programs Microsoft Excel 5.0 and using the standard version Statistica 8.0. The difference in indicators was considered statistically significant at Р<0.05. Results. In women in labor with purulent wounds under the conditions of war under stressful conditions, there is a greater suppression of systemic immunity than in women in labor with this pathology in peacetime, which was manifested by T lymphopenia (decrease in CD3+ by 1.4 times, decrease in the level of T cells with helper activity (CD4+) by 1.2 times, immunoregulatory index (Tx/Tc) by 1.3 times), a decrease in the number of B lymphocytes (CD22+) and NK cells (CD16+) by an average of 1.2 times, a decrease indicators of immunoglobulins of classes A, M, G by an average of 1.3 times, phagocytic index) and phagocytic number relatively by 1.3 and 1.6 times, which led to an increase in the level of circulating immune complexes by 1.1 times. The absence of a significant difference between indicators of general immunity in parturient women with purulent wounds of the perineum and anterior abdominal wall was confirmed, which confirms the established doctrine that wounds of different localizations heal according to general laws and the body, namely the immune system, reacts equally to the wound process of any localization. Conclusions. When prescribing the treatment of an infection of an obstetric surgical wound, do not take into account the localization of the wound, since wounds of different localizations heal according to general laws and the immune system reacts in the same way. In women in labor with purulent wounds in wartime conditions, under stress, there is more suppression of systemic immunity than in women in labor with an infection of an obstetric surgical wound in peacetime, which increases the development and spread of the purulent-inflammatory process, increases the risk of severe septic complications, which leads to the development and implementation of a pathogenetically justified method of therapy of obstetric surgical wound infection in wartime conditions. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the participating institution. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.

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