Ethanol extract of Cassia sieberiana leaves ameliorates deviances associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia in rats

Abstract

This study investigates the curative response of ethanol extract of Cassia sieberiana leaves (EECSL) on testosterone-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Thirty rats of 11–12 weeks old weighing 120–160 g were grouped into six of five rats each. Group 1 was the normal control; groups 2–6 were induced with testosterone (5 mg/kg body weight) for 21 days following standard procedures. Group 2 serves as BPH-control, groups 3 received finasteride while 4–6 received orally 100, 300, and 500 mg/kg of EECSL, respectively for 14 days. Biochemical and BPH indices were analyzed. Oral administration of EECSL showed a decrease in prostate weight, Prostate-specific antigen (PSA), testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT), triacylglycerol (TAG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), malondialdehyde (MDA), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) whereas an elevation in high-density lipoprotein (HDL), GSH and likewise antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities were recorded. The histology photomicrographs showed that EECSL restored lesions of testosterone induction in the treated groups. Our study reveals that EECSL exerts potent on BPH, hypolipidaemic, and antioxidant potentials and justifies the claims by the traditional doctors in BPH management.