Abstract
The main objective of the present investigation was to study the susceptibility to hydrogen damage on a type API 5L X52 steel welded by electrical resistance. Several techniques, such as hydrogen permeation and cathodic charging were used. The metallic material was characterized using SEM and TEM. The base metal microstructure was very similar to that one corresponding to the welded area. This microstructure was mainly comprised by ferrite and perlite, differing only in the grain size. Therefore, the susceptibility to hydrogen damage was similar in both cases. It is worth mentioning that the welded area has very small dimensions. Indeed, the fusion zone is only 5 mm wide while the heat affected zone is 1 mm wide. The hydrogen damage observed was mainly in the form of blisters, which were associated to the presence of aluminum rich inclusions. Also, it was noticed partial inclusion dissolution and some matrix attack adjacent to the inclusions.
Highlights
The main objective of the present investigation was to study the susceptibility to hydrogen damage on a type API 5L X52 steel welded by electrical resistance
Micrografías por microscopía electrónica de transmisión (MET) del acero API 5 L X 52, mostrando subgranos de ferrita y perlita: a) zona de fusión, b) zona afectada por el calor, c)metal base
Corrosion in oil and gas production: a compilation of classic papers
Summary
Las tuberías de acero API 5L X52, utilizadas para el transporte de crudo y gas, pueden sufrir diversos tipos de corrosión y, por consiguiente, experimentar una pérdida considerable de sus propiedades mecánicas cuando están en contacto con medios agrios. El acabado superficial tiene una influencia significativa en el proceso de difusión ya que, dependiendo de las características topográficas de la superficie, la entrada del hidrógeno atómico pudiera verse favorecida o impedida[4 y 5]. El fenómeno de difusión ha sido estudiado a través de métodos electroquímicos, para determinar la permeabilidad de hidrógeno en el acero asociado a heterogeneidades microestructurales, las cuales pueden actuar como sitios colectores de hidrógeno, que afectan la movilidad del hidrógeno dentro de la red cristalina[8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16]. La cuantificación del daño se realizó midiendo el desprendimiento de hidrógeno a través de la técnica de inmersión de las muestras de acero en glicerina y mediante la caracterización microestructural por microscopía electrónica de barrido (MEB) y microscopía electrónica de transmisión (MET)
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