Estudio de la resistencia a antimicrobianos en cepas de Enterococcus spp, aisladas de aves y cerdos de producción

Abstract

The appearance of resistance bacterial strains appears concurrent with the use of antimicrobial drugs. Within recent times the progressively increasing use of the drugs in humans, animals and the agriculture have transformed this phenomena into a growing problem, that every day involves new number of strains, new bacterial species and mechanisms. In this context, bacteria are particularly efficient in developing greater resistance, not only because of their ability to rapidly multiply but also their capacity to transfer genes in a horizontal form. In this respect the importance of Enterococcus is natural resistance to multiple antibiotics and this aptitude to acquire new resistance included to the vancomycin. The objective of this study was to phenotypically and genotypically characterize the antimicrobial resistance in indicator strains Enterococcus spp isolated from healthy animals of economic importance, such as poultry and pigs. Firstly the percentage of resistance to the different antimicrobial drugs was determined by the method of dilution in plate (MIC), then the genetic mechanisms associated with resistance to erythromycin was defined. The results of this study give up to date information on the situation regarding bacterial resistance in Enterococcus strains isolated in two animal species producing of food which are highly consumed in our country. This information should be taken account in the development of public health policy for the use of antimicrobials in food producing animal with the aim of protecting human health.