Abstract
The primary goal was to analyze the level and trend of the burden of suicide mortality in Mexico between 1990 and 2017 at a national and state scale. A secondary analysis based on the 2017 global burden of disease study. Mortality rates and years of life lost due to premature death (YLL) were reported here. A joinpoint regression analysis based on a log-linear model was used to analyze the trend of YLL. The burden of disease due to suicides increased in Mexico, mainly in young males and females; though the raise that happened in the elderly is an additional challenge for the health system. The burden of disease varied substantially between states. The male mortality rates were higher than those of females during the whole period under study, nonetheless with a trend to reduce the difference between the sexes. A bimodal pattern of the burden of disease due to suicide in Mexico was also observed, with the higher rates located in those aged between 15 and 19 years, and an important increase in people older than 85 years of age. These results show a worrisome picture, not only from a social, economic and health point of view but also from the needs of public policies. This situation represents a wake-up call about the need to implement timely identification actions, a comprehensive multisectoral prevention strategy and the detailed study of suicide associated risk factors.
Highlights
Suicide is one of the main public health problems worldwide, which entails premature loss of life and a great social and economic burden on society[1]
A secondary analysis was carried out based on the 2017 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study, which aimed to quantify the magnitude of health losses caused by diseases, injuries, and risk factors, locally, nationally, regionally, and globally[14]; to provide a standardized analytical approach that estimates the incidence, prevalence, and years that the disabled population lives by year, gender, cause, year, and location[15]
According to the GBD, the number of suicides in Mexico increased from 2,851 in 1990 to 7,634 in 2017, 0.66% and 1.1% of total deaths, respectively. This is reflected in the increased mortality rate for both genders (Figure 1), going from 4 suicides per 100,000 inhabitants (95%CI 3.9 – 4.1) in 1990 to 5.9 suicides (95%CI 5.7 – 6.1) in 2017
Summary
Suicide is one of the main public health problems worldwide, which entails premature loss of life and a great social and economic burden on society[1]. It represents about half of the violent deaths of men and more than 70% for women[2,3,4]. Suicide is the third leading cause of death in the 15-29 age group, behind only homicides and motor vehicle accidents It is the first cause of death for women and the third for men between 10 and 19 years of age. Between 1990 and 2017, the suicide rate between 10-19 years of age tripled nationwide (from 1.56 to 4.5 suicides per 100,000)
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