Estrutura e síndromes de dispersão da vegetação arbórea em floresta nativa e agrofloresta, na Amazônia Meridional: Structure and dispersal syndromes of forest and agroforest

Abstract

The choice of native species used in the management of agroforestry systems for the recovery of anthropized environments, are fundamental for maintaining biodiversity and ecological processes. In this study, we evaluated the structural complexity and diversity of plants in a teak agroforestry, compared to a native forest tangent to the planted area. Thus, we set up 33 plots in the area of ​​native forest and 24 in agroforestry, both with dimensions of 10 × 10 m, at Fazenda Sao Nicolau, Cotriguacu, Mato Grosso, Brazil. We collected data on the structure of vegetation and calculated the descriptive phytosociological parameters of the community structure. We used i) PCoA to evaluate the floristic similarity between native forest and agroforestry, ii) GLM to determine the influence of the canopy opening on the vegetation structure, and iii) ANOVA to analyze the structural characteristics by dispersion syndrome. We registered 395 tree individuals belonging to 98 species and 35 families, including the exotic species Tectona grandis. We considered abundance and the basal area in relation to the dispersion syndrome, where we noticed, the zoocoria significantly higher when compared to anemocoria and autocoria. Thus, we consider the zoochoric dispersion syndrome as a factor that best explains the relationship between the types of forests in the Southern Amazon.