Estrategias didácticas y motivacionales en las clases de educación física desde la teoría de la autodeterminación

Abstract

The objective of this article is to explain the physical education teaching from a motivational perspective, trying to help teachers promote students’ autonomous physical activity. In the first section, I explain the concepts established by self-determination theory, showing the importance of satisfying students’ basic psychological needs (autonomy, competence, and relatedness) to achieve more self-determined forms of motivation (participating in physical education for enjoyment, integrating it in lifestyle, and considering it important) and positive consequences, such as learning or adherence to physical activity. In the second section, I provide specific motivational strategies, with clear examples, for the physical education teacher to satisfy each basic psychological need of the students. Finally, I explain how the sport education model, as an example of a teaching model that tries to connect the educational and leisure contexts, can help to satisfy the basic psychological needs. This article hopes to give a new focus to the physical education teaching, facilitating the teacher work and becoming a practical resource.