Abstract
Photosynthesis is an important physiological response for determination of CO2 fertilization in greenhouses and estimation of crop growth. In order to estimate the whole plant photosynthetic rate, it is necessary to investigate how light interception by crops changes with environmental and morphological factors. The objectives of this study were to analyze plant light interception using a three-dimensional (3D) plant model and ray-tracing, determine the spatial distribution of the photosynthetic rate, and estimate the whole plant photosynthetic rate of Irwin mango (Mangifera indica L. cv. Irwin) grown in greenhouses. In the case of mangoes, it is difficult to measure actual light interception at the canopy level due to their vase shape. A two-year-old Irwin mango tree was used to measure the whole plant photosynthetic rate. Light interception and whole plant photosynthetic rate were measured under artificial and natural light conditions using a closed chamber (1 × 1 × 2 m). A 3D plant model was constructed and ray-tracing simulation was conducted for calculating the photosynthetic rate with a two-variable leaf photosynthetic rate model of the plant. Under artificial light, the estimated photosynthetic rate increased from 2.0 to 2.9 μmolCO2·m−2·s−1 with increasing CO2 concentration. On the other hand, under natural light, the photosynthetic rate increased from 0.2 μmolCO2·m−2·s−1 at 06:00 to a maximum of 7.3 μmolCO2·m−2·s−1 at 09:00, then gradually decreased to −1.0 μmolCO2·m−2·s−1 at 18:00. In validation, simulation results showed good agreement with measured results with R2 = 0.79 and RMSE = 0.263. The results suggest that this method could accurately estimate the whole plant photosynthetic rate and be useful for pruning and adequate CO2 fertilization.
Highlights
Photosynthesis of crops grown in greenhouses is an important physiological indicator that determines CO2 fertilization and estimates crop growth
The photosynthesis of crops grown in greenhouses depends on environmental factors such as light intensity, temperature, CO2 concentration, and relative humidity inside the greenhouse
The decrease in CO2 concentration over time was calculated, and the whole plant photosynthetic rate of mango was estimated according to CO2 concentration (Figure 2)
Summary
Photosynthesis of crops grown in greenhouses is an important physiological indicator that determines CO2 fertilization and estimates crop growth. The photosynthesis of crops grown in greenhouses depends on environmental factors such as light intensity, temperature, CO2 concentration, and relative humidity inside the greenhouse. These environmental factors are closely related to the structural characteristics of the greenhouse and the meteorological conditions outside the greenhouse. In order to estimate the whole plant photosynthetic rate of crops, it is important to investigate the light interception of crops related with these environmental and morphological factors
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