Abstract
Consequences of breast, head and neck cancers (HNC) radiotherapy are common among developing country patients; hence the aim of this work was to assess the impact of HNC (nasopharyngeal, laryngeal and hypopharyngeal and parotid) radiotherapy in thyroid and lungs functions. The data (tumor dose, dose histogram) has been retrieved from treatment planning system (TPS) and the thyroid hormones (T3, T4 and TSH) level pre/post radiotherapy was measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA) technique. Ages (18 - 55 for HNC and 20 - 65 for breast cancer) derived from PACS and respiratory rate (RR) assessed by counting the number of breathing/minutes. The analyzed data using Excel showed that: the impact of HNC without parotid and supraclavicular irradiation was significant (P = 0.00) reduction on T3 & T4, and increasing TSH hormones relative to applied tumor dose. The average doses (2.8, 30, 32, 33 and 20.5 Gy) received by thyroid gland from irradiation of parotid, larynx, breast, hypopharynx and nasopharynx respectively reduced T4/T3 hormones to 125.9/0.8, 109/0.6, 67.8/0.4, 33.9/0.3 and 105.8/0.7 respectively and increased TSH to 4.5, 6.3, 8.1, 11.5 and 0.65 mU/l respectively. The RR increased significantly (P = 0.05) from 19.1 ± 3.6 to 22.1 ± 3.4 in average due to tangential fields irradiation of breast. Conclusion addressing that: conventional radiotherapy for HNC & breast induce a significant reduction in thyroid hormones and increment of RR.
Highlights
Consequences of breast, head and neck cancers (HNC) radiotherapy are common among developing country patients; the aim of this work was to assess the impact of HNC radiotherapy in thyroid and lungs functions
Conclusion addressing that: conventional radiotherapy for HNC & breast induce a significant reduction in thyroid hormones and increment of respiratory rate (RR)
The malignant tumors originated in head and neck representing 9th most common cancer and threatening diseases where being disseminated over the world which striking throat, larynx, hypopharynx, nasopharynx, nose, sinuses, parotid and mouth [1] that denoted by head and neck cancer (HNC)
Summary
The malignant tumors originated in head and neck representing 9th most common cancer and threatening diseases where being disseminated over the world which striking throat, larynx, hypopharynx, nasopharynx, nose, sinuses, parotid and mouth [1] that denoted by head and neck cancer (HNC). The annual incidence had been estimated between 400,000 - 600,000 and mortality rate between 223,000 - 300,000 deaths/year [2] These malignancies represented the most top ten in South East Asia and India [3] [4]. In Saudi Arabia, NPC has been decreased by a factor of 2.9% annually since 1990 with mortality value of 0.68 deaths per 10,000 men in 2013, which was higher compared among women as 0.33 per 10,000 women [6]. It ranked at 18 with an incidence of 1.7% based on international classification of diseases 2018 [7]. The encouraging aspect for considering NPC is its consequences, late discovery among Saudis’ population (70% of patients presented with stage III and IV) [6] [8] and the induced hypothyroidism due to conventional radiation therapy
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