Abstract
ABSTRACT The time of concentration is an important concept in hydrology. It provides a characteristic hydrological response time (CHRT) useful in many applications. Estimation of the time of concentration is challenging because small watersheds (<100 km2) with sub-daily flow and precipitation records are uncommon. Many practitioners therefore use empirical equations developed from watersheds exposed to different climates and with different attributes. The main objective of this study is to develop an approach to estimate the CHRT from physiographic characteristics for small watersheds located in Ontario, Québec and the northeastern USA. Regression trees are used to identify the physiographic characteristics associated with CHRT. The fraction of lakes and wetlands was identified as the most significant attribute related to CHRT, followed by the ratio between the main watercourse length and the square root of the main watercourse slope. Uncertainties on estimated CHRT values based on regression tree are also provided.
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