Abstract
PurposeEtiopathogenesis of VUR is composite and not fully understood. Many data indicate the importance of genetic predisposition. The aim of this study was to establish the relationship of selected polymorphisms: 14094 polymorphism of the ACE, polymorphism rs1800469 of TGFβ-1, rs5443 gene polymorphism of the GNB3 and receptor gene polymorphism rs5186 type 1 AGTR1 with the occurrence of the primary vesicoureteral reflux.MaterialThe study included 190 children: 90 with the primary VUR confirmed with the voiding cystourethrogram and excluded secondary VUR and a control group of 100 children without a history of the diseases of the genitourinary tract.MethodsThe study was planned in the scheme: “tested case versus control.” Genomic DNA was isolated from the leukocytes of peripheral blood samples. The results were statistically analyzed in the Statistica 10 using χ2 test and analysis of the variance Anova.ResultsAny of the four studied polymorphisms showed no difference in the distribution of genotypes between patients with primary vesicoureteral reflux and the control group. In patients with VUR and TT genotype polymorphism rs5443 GNB3 gene, the glomerular filtration rate was significantly higher than in patients with genotype CC or CT.Conclusions(1) No relationship was found between the studied polymorphisms (14094 ACE gene, rs1800469 gene TGFβ1, GNB3 gene rs5443, rs5186 AGTR1 gene) and the occurrence of primary vesicoureteral reflux. (2) TT genotype polymorphism rs5443 GNB3 gene may be a protective factor for the improved renal function in patients with primary vesicoureteral reflux in patients with genotype CC or CT.
Highlights
One of the conditions to preserve the homeostasis of the urinary tract is normal outflow of the urine from the kidneys to the bladder
Clinical experience suggests that vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is one of the most common diseases of the urinary tract
Recruitment for the study group was made through the patients of the Department of Surgery of Children’s Malformations and Traumatology in Zabrze and Ambulatory of Pediatric Urology of the Clinical Hospital nr 1 in Zabrze among children, who are currently, or have been previously diagnosed with primary VUR
Summary
One of the conditions to preserve the homeostasis of the urinary tract is normal outflow of the urine from the kidneys to the bladder. It is a process conditioned physiologically by a specific construction of the distal part of ureter, which, together with the ureteral orifice to the bladder, is a one-way valve to prevent backflow of urine into the kidneys [1,2,3]. Pathological process of reversing the urine is conducive to further other factors, among others, increase in intravesical pressure during voiding which comes from neurogenic bladder dysfunction, or the existence of functional or anatomical obstruction in bladder outflow. Clinical experience suggests that vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is one of the most common diseases of the urinary tract
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