Abstract
This study proposes a calculation methodology that determines the optimal boundary parameters of the single-diode photovoltaic model. It allows the calculation of the single-diode photovoltaic model when no reference parameter boundaries are available. The differential evolution algorithm, integrated with a step-by-step boundary definition module, is used to calculate the optimal parameters of the single-diode photovoltaic model, improving the performance of the classic algorithm compared with other studies. The solution is validated by comparing the results with well-established algorithms described in the state-of-the-art, and by estimating the five important points (cardinal points) of an IV curve, namely short-circuit, maximum power, and open circuit points, using a database composed of 100 solar photovoltaic modules. The results show that an optimal set of parameter boundaries enables the differential evolution algorithm to minimize the error of the estimated cardinal points. Moreover, the proposed calculus methodology is capable of producing high-performance response photovoltaic models for different technologies and rated powers.
Highlights
The single-diode model described by five parameters (SDM) is commonly used as it is able to express, with precision, the behavior of the SPVM under different operating conditions
This work presents a methodology able to determine the optimal boundaries of the parameters, which describe the single-diode photovoltaic model SDM
The boundaries are calculated by evaluating the deviation of the power at the maximum power point for different values of series and shunt resistors, defined by the φ parameter
Summary
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Yan et al [24] experimentally determined bounds over which it is possible to find a solution for the PV equations; as mentioned above, these parameters are subject to specific operating conditions Considering this background, as the DEA has shown adequate results and a high adaptability to solve different problems, this work proposes and autonomous DEA capable of determining electrical models of future solar photovoltaic technologies, such as bifacial or perovskite solar cells. Two different operational conditions (for example, standard test conditions and normal operating cell temperature) are required as input data in order to calculate the SDM which minimizes the cardinal points error These data are usually provided by the manufacturer on the SPVM datasheet. The remaining publication is divided as follows: Section 2 indicates the SPVM electric model, Section 3 indicates the boundaries calculation method, Section 4 explains the differential evolution algorithm used, Section 5 presents the results of the simulations and the validation of the model and, Section 6 presents the conclusions
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