Abstract
In the soil cover of the forest-steppe zone, typical chernozems, which occupy almost 50% of the total area of arable lands that are insufficiently fertilized with organics and minerals, prevail. Our task was to investigate the potassium content in these soils in order to gain insight into its reserves and availability for agricultural plants. For this purpose, soils of this type of different granulometric texture were investigated. The content of the fine-dispersed fraction of typical chernozems, total potassium in this fraction and in the soil as a whole is determined. Indicators on the genetic horizons were researched there. The content of hydromicaceous minerals as the most available potassium reserves of plants nutrition is shown. The reserves of potassium (after Gorbunov) in one meter-deep layer of investigated soils are calculated. All investigated soils have the same specificity of the reserves distribution in the horizons due to the common genesis processes and the same parent materials. The illuvium horizon of podzolized chernozem entraps a certain part of silt and potassium that is explained by the specifics of the formation of this horizon. Near reserve of chernozem soils contains less than 50% of potassium from the general reserve that suggests the potassium depletion of chernozems.
Highlights
Potassium is one of the important elements of the plant nutrition
The researchers involved in soil potassium research pointed out that the content and forms of this element in soils are determined by the mineralogical and granulometric texture of parent rocks, zonal specificity and intensity of anthropogenic factors, including the use of fertilizers and meliorants, drainage and irrigation and development of erosion processes (Peterburgsky and Yanishevsky 1961, Darunsontaya et al 2012)
As a result of sintering, potassium and sodium are converted into forms of highly soluble chlorides, and silicic acid, ammonium, iron, manganese, magnesium, phosphoric acid – into an alloy that is insoluble in water
Summary
Potassium is one of the important elements of the plant nutrition. Studying the mechanism of plants supply with potassium from the soil was a study subject of numerous researchers (Maha Mohamed El-Sayed Ali and Rasha El-Meihy 2015); they associated its moving form content with moisture available to plants (Zeng and Brown 2000, Serafim et al 2012). This allows the diffusion processes in which the plants absorb this element (Titus and Pereira 2016)
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