Abstract
The aim of the research is the determination of the total antioxidant activity and the content of phenolic compounds of the leaves of 12 species of non-traditional plants, namely, Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roem., Aronia mitschurinii A.K. Skvortsov & Maitul., Castanea sativa Mill., Chaenomeles japonica (Thunb.) Lindl., Cornus mas L., Diospyros kaki L., Diospyros lotus L., Diospyros virginiana L., Lycium barbarum L., Lycium сhinense Mill., Pseudocydonia sinensis (Thouin) C.K. Schneid., Ziziphus jujuba Mill. Total phenolic content was evaluated using the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent assay. Antioxidant activity was measured using two different methods (DPPH – 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, MRAP – molybdenum reducing antioxidant power). Significant variability was observed in phenolic compounds content and total antioxidant activity. Total polyphenol content ranged from 38.02 (Z. jujuba) to 80.58 (C. sativa) mg GAE.g-1 DM, total flavonoid content from 22.47 (P. sinensis) to 54.61 (L. barbarum) mg QE.g-1 DM and phenolic acids content from 3.51 (A. mitschurinii) to 24.67 (Ch. japonica) mg CAE.g-1 DM. All tested samples exhibited DPPH• radical scavenging activities with values from 6.92 (A. mitschurinii) to 9.0 (C. mas) mg TEAC.g-1 DM. Antioxidant activity by molybdenum reducing antioxidant power method ranged from 109.43 (A. mitschurinii) to 322.95 (C. mas) mg TEAC.g-1 DM. Differences between the species of non-traditional plants were significant in all observed parameters. Obtained results of phytochemical composition demonstrated the possibility of leaves' use of non-traditional plants as sources of valuable bioactive compounds with health-promoting and disease-preventing properties.
Highlights
Fruits constitute is a large group of functional food, whose consumption delivers several health benefits, but very limited studies about the leaves of plants especially lesser-known and non-traditional plants, among which fruit plants
The results of this study will provide new knowledge and useful information about the content of phenolic compounds in some selected non-traditional plants leaves and the antioxidant activity of their extracts, which will give a wide range of possibilities to employing these plants as the sources of phenolic compounds
The main classes of natural antioxidant compounds such as flavonoids and phenolic acids often show a high correlation with antioxidant activity and have been identified in following non-traditional plants species: Aronia melanocarpa (Tolić et al, 2015), Cydonia oblonga (Bystrická et al, 2017), Ziziphus jujuba (Ivanišová et al, 2017), Diospyros virginiana (Grygorieva et al, 2018), Sambucus nigra (Horčinová Sedláčková et al, 2018), Asimina triloba (Brindza et al, 2019), Cornus mas (Klymenko et al, 2019b), Chaenomeles japonica (Klymenko et al, 2019a) and other
Summary
Fruits constitute is a large group of functional food, whose consumption delivers several health benefits, but very limited studies about the leaves of plants especially lesser-known and non-traditional plants, among which fruit plants. Leaves of non-traditional plants are one of the promising sources of antioxidants (Ipatova et al, 2003; Calliste et al, 2005; Sakanaka, Tachibana and Okada, 2005; Priya and Nethaji, 2015; Ferlemi and Lamari, 2016; Klymenko, Grygorieva and Brindza, 2017; Urbanaviciute et al, 2019). They can use in the tea production and may have potential health benefits as a therapeutic aid in many illnesses which could be attributed to their antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. The ethanolic extract Diospyros virginiana leaf and bark is an effective hepatoprotective agent and possesses significant antioxidant activity (Priya and Nethaji, 2015)
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