Abstract

In several branches of climatology, and in related disciplines, estimates of shortwave and/or longwave diffuse irradiance are required. In this study, these irradiances are obtained by numerical integration of the fundamental radiance and source-receptor geometry equations for a variety of receptor slopes, receptor orientations, skyline patterns and sky radiance distributions. The angular increment used in the numerical integration over zenith and azimuth angle is varied to determine the optimal value in the trade-off between computing expense and accuracy. It is recommended that an angle ofπ/36 radians (5°) or smaller is required to evaluate the diffuse irradiance to 5 percent; for 10 percent error, the angle should not exceedπ/18 radians (10°).

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