Estimation of Atherogenic Index of Plasma, Prolactin, and Some Other Hormones in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in Lean Women

A variant in the fibrillin-3 gene is associated with TGF-β and inhibin B levels in women with polycystic ovary syndrome

Analysis of meiotic abnormalities of in vitro matured oocytes from stimulated cycles of non-obese endometriotic and pcos patients: a pilot study

Variation in metabolic and cardiovascular risk in women with different polycystic ovary syndrome phenotypes

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a status that impact a woman’s hormone levels.A total of (128) samples was divided into four groups (Obese with PCOS, low weight with PCOS ,Obese without PCOS ,and Healthy control) collected from Kamal Al-Samarraiehospital, Ministry-of Health in Baghdad-Iraq during the period of April 2017- August 2017. The aim of the study toevaluation from Serum AdiponectinIrisin and Apelin in Iraqi obese women patients with PCOS. The result shows The BMI of obese with PCOS patients and obese without PCOS was significantly higher (P<0.05) when compared to the values of the control group. No significant with other groups ,also Significant increase of Prolactin (p<0.05) in Obese with PCOS and low weight with PCOS groups in relation to Obese without PCOS and control groups. A non- significant elevation (p>0.05)when comparing between Obese without PCOS, and control groups. The levels of FSH , LH and Testosterone showed significantly change(p<0.05) in Obese with PCOS and low weight with PCOS groups when comparing with Obese without PCOS and control group. followed by no-significant with other groups ,also shows significant change(p<0.05)when comparing between Obese without PCOS and control group ,showed that adiponectin level showed a significant higher level in the control group ,Obese without PCOS group ,low weight with PCOS patients ,and Obese with PCOS patients . Oppositely, the results of the Irisin showed a significant higher level in the Obese with PCOS patients then the low weight with PCOS group followed by the Obese without PCOS and control group. While Apelin level recorded the highest level Obese with PCOS group.

IL-22 and its interaction with amino acid and glycolipid metabolite in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients

In approximately 50-70% of all women with PCOS (Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome) may be found lower or higher degree insulin resistance, while insensitivity to insulin cells very likely contributes hyperandrogenaemia which is responsible for the symptoms and signs of PCOS. Insulin resistance, PCOS and prediabetes are linked. This research is retrospective-prospective, clinical, comparative and descriptive. The study included 60 women with PCOS, aged 20-40 years, with no acute or chronic diseases, divided into two groups: PCOS women with elevated body weight and PCOS women with normal body weight. The control group is consisted of 30 female subjects without PCOS, aged 20-40 years. The research is conducted at the Clinic for Endocrinology and Diabetes and the department of diagnostic and outpatient clinics at CCU Sarajevo and in BKH Niedernbayern. In all subjects the following will be performed: clinical evaluation, laboratory tests and ovarian echosonography. Subjects with PCOS had significantly higher values of body weight, BMI and waist circumference in relation to a group of healthy subjects. Disturbance of the menstrual cycle was present in 57% of women with PCOS. Disturbance of the menstrual cycle was more common in PCOS patients with elevated body weight in relation to PCOS patients with normal body weight. Progesterone values showed that in the PCOS group, 85% of anovulatory cycle in contrast to the control group, where 7% of anovulatory cycle were recorded. Hirsutism, seborrhea, acne and alopecia were more common in PCOS patients with elevated body weight in relation to PCOS patients with normal body weight. The values of total cholesterol in our study did not differ significantly between the groups with PCOS and control group but we found a statistically significant difference in the group with PCOS between patients with increased and normal weight (p = 0.03). The analysis of HDL cholesterol did not show any statistically significant difference between the group with PCOS and control group as well as in the group with PCOS between patients with increased and normal weight. LDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels were statistically significantly different between the group with PCOS and control group (p = 0.03), as well as in the group with PCOS between patients with increased and normal weight (p = 0.02). The emergence of prediabetes is significantly correlated with insulin resistance as confirms the impact of the insulin resistance degree to the emergence of prediabetes. Knowledge about the existence of high prediabetes prevalence in women with PCOS will help in the decision on mandatory screening, more prompt diagnosis and treatment, which could prevent or delay the onset of the formation of clinically manifested diabetes. Prediabetes can be a reversible process with improved metabolic control and the use of metformin in prediabetes in women with PCOS may prevent or slow down the onset of type 2 diabetes.

The aetiology of impairments in autonomic modulation of heart rate variability (HRV) in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) remains unclear, as does the impact of aerobic physical training (APT) on controlling endocrine-metabolic disorders and HRV. This is because these women often present excess body fat. Therefore, we assessed whether the dysregulation in autonomic modulation of HRV in women with PCOS is due to endocrine-metabolic disorders and whether the combination of excess body fat with endocrine-metabolic disorders amplifies cardiovascular autonomic deficits. We also investigated whether APT positively influences autonomic modulation of HRV in PCOS. Non-randomised clinical trial. Women with and without PCOS with different percentages of body fat. Participants were divided into four groups: women without PCOS with a body fat percentage between 22% and 29% (CONTROL group; 22%-29%); CONTROL (30%-37%) group; PCOS (22%-29%) group; and PCOS (30%-37%) group. Hemodynamic, metabolic, and hormonal characteristics and HRV parameters were obtained before and after 16 weeks of APT. The PCOS (22%-29%) group exhibited lower vagal modulation than the CONTROL (22%-29%) group. In contrast, no significant differences were observed between the CONTROL (30%-37%) and PCOS (30%-37%) groups. Furthermore, the PCOS (30%-37%) group demonstrated lower sympathetic modulation than the PCOS (22%-29%) group. After APT, the PCOS (22%-29%) group increased in vagal modulation, while the PCOS (30%-37%) group increased in sympathetic modulation. PCOS affects vagal modulation; however, this effect may be masked at elevated levels of body fat. Additionally, the combination of excess body fat with endocrine-metabolic dysregulation appears to reduce sympathetic modulation, possibly due to sympathetic drive hyperactivity. APT positively affected HRV in both PCOS groups.

Periodontal disease in polycystic ovary syndrome

Vitamin D Deficiency among Adolescent Females with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Role of insulin in the hyperandrogenemia of lean women with polycystic ovary syndrome and normal insulin sensitivity

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common metabolic disorder and reproductive endocrine disease, posing an elevated risk to women of reproductive age. Although metabolism differences in serum, amniotic fluid and urine have been documented in PCOS, there remains a paucity of evidence for vaginal fluid. This study aimed to identify the metabolic characteristics and potential biomarkers of PCOS in Chinese women of reproductive age. We involved ten newly diagnosed PCOS women who attended gynecology at Zhongda Hospital and matched them with ten healthy controls who conducted health check-up programs at Gulou Maternal and Child Health Center in Nanjing, China from January 1st, 2019 to July 31st, 2020. Non-targeted metabolomics based on ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) was applied to differentially screen vaginal metabolites between PCOS group and healthy controls. Principal component analysis (PCA), orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) and enrichment analysis were used to observe differences, search for potential biomarkers and enrich related pathways. Among the 20 participants, a total of 195 different metabolites were detected between PCOS group and healthy control group. PCOS and control groups were effectively separated by vaginal fluid. Lipids and lipid-like molecules constituted the majority of differential metabolites. Notably, dopamine exhibited an increased trend in PCOS group and emerged as the most significant differential metabolite, suggesting its potential as a biomarker for identifying PCOS. The application of UHPLC-MS/MS based vaginal metabolomics methods showed significant differences between PCOS and non-PCOS healthy control groups, especially linoleic acid metabolism disorder. Most differential metabolites were enriched in pathways associated with linoleic acid metabolism, phenylalanine metabolism, tyrosine metabolism, nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism or arachidonic acid metabolism. In this pilot investigation, significant metabolomics differences could be obtained between PCOS and healthy control groups. For PCOS women of reproductive age, vaginal metabolism is a more economical, convenient and harmless alternative to provide careful personalized health diagnosis and potential targets for therapeutic intervention.

Abdominal obesity and hyperinsulinemia play a key role in the development of the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Dietary-induced weight loss and the administration of insulin-lowering drugs, such as metformin, are usually followed by improved hyperandrogenism and related clinical abnormalities. This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of combined hypocaloric diet and metformin on body weight, fat distribution, the glucose-insulin system, and hormones in a group of 20 obese PCOS women [body mass index (BMI) > 28 kg/m2] with the abdominal phenotype (waist to hip ratio >0.80), and an appropriate control group of 20 obese women who were comparable for age and pattern of body fat distribution but without PCOS. At baseline, we measured sex hormone, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), and leptin blood concentrations and performed an oral glucose tolerance test and computerized tomography (CT) at the L4-L5 level, to measure sc adipose tissue area (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue area. All women were then given a low-calorie diet (1,200-1,400 kcal/day) alone for one month, after which anthropometric parameters and CT scan were newly measured. While continuing dietary treatment, PCOS women and obese controls were subsequently placed, in a random order, on metformin (850 mg/os, twice daily) (12 and 8, respectively) or placebo (8 and 12, respectively), according to a double-blind design, for the following 6 months. Blood tests and the CT scan were performed in each woman at the end of the study while they were still on treatment. During the treatment period, 3 women of the control group (all treated with placebo) were excluded because of noncompliance; and 2 PCOS women, both treated with metformin, were also excluded because they became pregnant. Therefore, the women cohort available for final statistical analysis included 18 PCOS (10 treated with metformin and 8 with placebo) and 17 control women (8 treated with metformin and 9 with placebo). The treatment was well tolerated. In the PCOS group, metformin therapy improved hirsutism and menstrual cycles significantly more than placebo. Baseline anthropometric and CT parameters were similar in all groups. Hypocaloric dieting for 1 month similarly reduced BMI values and the waist circumference in both PCOS and control groups, without any significant effect on CT scan parameters. In both PCOS and control women, however, metformin treatment reduced body weight and BMI significantly more than placebo. Changes in the waist-to-hip ratio values were similar in PCOS women and controls, regardless of pharmacological treatment. Metformin treatment significantly decreased SAT values in both PCOS and control groups, although only in the latter group were SAT changes significantly greater than those observed during the placebo treatment. On the contrary, visceral adipose tissue area values significantly decreased during metformin treatment in both PCOS and control groups, but only in the former was the effect of metformin treatment significantly higher than that of placebo. Fasting insulin significantly decreased in both PCOS women and controls, regardless of treatment, whereas glucose-stimulated insulin significantly decreased only in PCOS women and controls treated with metformin. Neither metformin or placebo significantly modified the levels of LH, FSH, dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate, and progesterone in any group, whereas testosterone concentrations decreased only in PCOS women treated with metformin. SHBG concentrations remained unchanged in all PCOS women; whereas in the control group, they significantly increased after both metformin and placebo. Leptin levels decreased only during metformin treatment in both PCOS and control groups. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED)

Both polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and psoriasis are associated with insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. Nonetheless, the incidence of psoriasis in patients with PCOS is unclear. We used the Longitudinal Health Insurance Research Database (LHID) in Taiwan from 2000 to 2012 to perform a retrospective population-based cohort study to elucidate the occurrence of psoriasis in PCOS patients. Patients with PCOS without psoriasis in the index year (the year of PCOS diagnosis) were recruited as the PCOS group. Those without PCOS nor psoriasis (control group) were selected using propensity score matching at a ratio of 4:1. Hazard ratios (HRs) were obtained using the Cox proportional hazards regression model. In total, 4707 and 18,828 patients were included in the PCOS and control groups, respectively. The incidence rates of psoriasis in the control and PCOS groups were 0.34 and 0.70 per 1000 person-years, respectively. The risk of psoriasis was higher in the PCOS group by an HR of 2.07 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.25–3.43) compared with the control group. In conclusion, the incidence of psoriasis in the PCOS group was higher than that in the control group. Further studies should be conducted to investigate the mechanism underlying the association, and to benefit the long-term management of patients with PCOS.

Background:It is essential to determine the cut-off value of serum anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) to predict the hyper response in assisted reproductive technology (ART). There are few studies mentioning the cut-off value for the hyper response in infertile women but not specifically for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and non-PCOS groups. With this in background, this study was conducted.Aim:To determine the cut-off value of serum AMH to predict the hyper response in women with PCOS and non-PCOS undergoing a controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) in ART.Objective:To compare the outcome of stimulation in PCOS and non-PCOS groups.Materials and Methods:All 246 women enrolled for Intra Cytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) fulfilling the selection criteria were recruited. On the day 3 of the cycle, the serum AMH, Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH), Luteinizing Hormone (LH), estradiol and antral follicle count (AFC) were measured. They underwent COS as per the unit protocol. They were divided into PCOS and non-PCOS groups as per the Rotterdam’s criteria. The mean age, duration of infertility, Body Mass Index (BMI), Ovarian reserve markers and outcome of stimulation were compared. Using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 16.0 software, the significant difference was measured by multivariate analysis, as well as a one-way analysis of variance with Tukey’s post-hoc test was used.Results:Among 246 women, 31.3% were in PCOS group, and 68.7% were in non-PCOS group. Comparison of PCOS and non-PCOS groups showed a significant difference in the age with the mean age being 29.2 and 31.5 years, respectively. The mean AMH and AFC were 2-fold higher in PCOS group. The mean number of follicles, oocytes retrieved, MII and oocytes fertilised were significantly higher in PCOS group. The pregnancy rate was 52.6% in PCOS and 30.9% in non-PCOS group. In the PCOS group, 22.1% had ovarian hyper stimulation syndrome (OHSS), and only 4.7% had OHSS in non-PCOS group (P = 0.0005). Receiving Operator Curve (ROC) curve was plotted to predict the hyper response, which showed a cut-off value of 6.85 ng/ml with a sensitivity of 66.7% and a specificity of 68.7% for PCOS group and 4.85 ng/ml with a sensitivity of 85.7% and a specificity of 89.7% in non-PCOS group.Conclusion:The cut-off value of serum AMH to predict the hyper response in PCOS group is 6.85 ng/ml and in non-PCOS group is 4.85 ng/ml.

Not all women diagnosed with PCOS share the same cardiovascular risk profiles