Estimating Mechanical Behavior of Scaffolds with Graded Porosity by Finite Element Analysis

Abstract

3D printing, which is commonly known as additive manufacturing, was around for decades. It allowed users to create 3D objects using computer software and computer aided design (CAD). Due to the increasing use of 3D printing for engineering, the development of tools and strategies to improve the mechanical behavior of printed parts has become necessary. Scaffolds with gradient porosity becomes an attractive candidate for bone tissue engineering. In this paper, a novel hybrid scaffold with a graded pore structure similar to the bimodal structure of cortical and cancellous bones was described. The scaffolds were designed as hybrid, they had three and two grade as 200-300-500 µm, and 200-500 µm. Porosity of the scaffolds was calculated. Stress analysis of the hybrid scaffolds with graded porosity was carried out to simulate mechanical behavior. According to FEA results, porosity had negative effect on the mechanical properties of the scaffolds. Due to its lower porosity 200-500 µm-b hybrid scaffold had highest mechanical properties according to FEA analysis.