Abstract
Caron, A., M. De Garine-Wichatitsky, N. Gaidet, N. Chiweshe, and G. S. Cumming. 2010. Estimating dynamic risk factors for pathogen transmission using community-level bird census data at the wildlife/domestic interface. Ecology and Society 15(3): 25. https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-03547-150325
Highlights
The success of multi-host infectious pathogens in ecosystems is heavily dependent on the composition of the community of organisms in which they occur (Ostfeld 2009)
We considered the different avian communities in the study area to be four ‘compartments’ as defined in Caron et al 2009: (1) the waterfowl compartment, consisting of the community of wild waterbird species sharing the lake habitat through the year; (2) the industrial compartment, being the population of domestic chickens raised in buildings at high densities for a period of about 40 days; (3) the backyard chicken compartment, in which chicken populations are free-ranging during the day, using fields and human-modified natural habitats in the vicinity of compounds, and resting in chicken pens at night; and (4) the ostrich farm compartment, consisting of a few hundred birds kept in open paddocks surrounded by wooden fences
Because of the little epidemiological information available for African bird species and because any Avian Influenza viruses (AIV) strain could be involved in the creation of high pathogenicity (HP) strains, we identified all AIV strains as hazardous for this risk assessment
Summary
The success of multi-host infectious pathogens in ecosystems is heavily dependent on the composition of the community of organisms in which they occur (Ostfeld 2009). For pathogens that are transmissible either by direct contact or via the shared use of the same habitat at different times, transmission parameters often cannot be directly measured in the field. As the difference between the number of birds observed in a count at time t and a count in the same location at time t-1. Negative changes (emigration) were entered as zeros No value for this RF exists for the first count session by definition. Total number of bird observed per species, obtained by summing numbers seen during the 60 counts. For each species observed simultaneously in waterfowl and domestic compartment
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