Abstract
Coastal lagoons mix inflowing freshwater and tidal marine waters in complex spatial patterns. This project sought to detect and measure temperature and spatial variability of flood tides for a constricted coastal lagoon using multitemporal remote sensing. Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission Radiometer (ASTER) thermal infrared data provided estimates of surface temperature for delineation of repletion zones in portions of Chincoteague Bay, Virginia. ASTER high spatial resolution sea-surface temperature imagery in conjunction with in situ observations and tidal predictions helped determine the optimal seasonal data for analyses. The selected time series ASTER satellite data sets were analyzed at different tidal phases and seasons in 2004–2006. Skin surface temperatures of ocean and estuarine waters were differentiated by flood tidal penetration and ebb flows. Spatially variable tidal flood penetration was evaluated using discrete seed-pixel area analysis and time series Principal Components Analysis. Results from these techniques provide spatial extent and variability dynamics of tidal repletion, flushing, and mixing, important factors in eutrophication assessment, water quality and resource monitoring, and application of hydrodynamic modeling for coastal estuary science and management.
Highlights
Coastal lagoons are prominent features along many of the worlds sandy coasts and form behind baymouth barriers, barrier spits and barrier islands
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the potential for remote sensing of water exchange in well-mixed coastal lagoons using satellite thermal infrared (TIR) satellite observations
Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission Radiometer (ASTER) thermal infrared (TIR) satellite data was searched in the US Geological Survey Global
Summary
Coastal lagoons are prominent features along many of the worlds sandy coasts and form behind baymouth barriers, barrier spits and barrier islands. These stretches of islands and backbarriers are broken by tidal inlets of variable extent, and volumetric exchange between riverine, estuarine, and marine waters. In well-mixed coastal lagoons, hydraulic turn over time is expressed as the number of tidal cycles required to exchange all of the water in the basins [1,5,6]. It is a mathematical computation, which utilizes the total capacity of a basin and material “newly” injected into a basin. It is of general use and is not appropriate for pathways or residence time of specific water parcels in the system
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