Abstract
Esterification of oleic acid employing sulfonated polystyrene and polysulfone membranes as catalysts
Highlights
Increasing population, urbanization and industrialization induce to a drastic need of energy
Considering the performance of solid catalysts described in literature, mainly related to reaction times and conversion of the process, this study reveals a promising feasibility of using electrospun membranes of PSF_PSS for developing a heterogeneous acid catalyst aimed to biodiesel synthesis
Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) has confirmed the formation of methylic esters and the consumption of oleic acid
Summary
Increasing population, urbanization and industrialization induce to a drastic need of energy. Examples of solid catalysts to this reaction, once they display relatively high catalytic activity in moderate conditions[14] When it comes to esterification reaction mechanisms, the process of biodiesel acquisition occurs with the formation of an oxonium ion through protonation of the fatty acid, thereby increasing the electrophilic character of carbonyl group and facilitating the nucleophilic attack from the alcohol in order to produce a tetrahedral intermediate. Due to the obtained results that illustrated the good performance of PSF_PSS membranes as heterogeneous acid catalysts in the reactional time of two hours, esterification experiments have been expanded in the work reported in the present paper, ranging reaction times, with the aim of improving the maximum obtainable conversion, linking the catalytic activity with physical and chemical properties from different membranes
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