Abstract
Cyanobacterial taxonomic studies performed by using the modern approaches always lead to creation of many new genera and species. During the field survey for cyanobacterial resources in China, a filamentous cyanobacterial strain was successfully isolated from a microbial mat attached to rock surfaces of the Ganfu Channel, Jiangxi Province, China. This strain was morphologically similar to the cyanobacterial taxa belonging to the genera Microcoleus and Phormidium. The phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that this strain formed a well-supported clade, close to the filamentous genera Microcoleus, Tychonema, and Kamptonema. The maximum similarity of 16S rRNA gene sequence of this strain with the related genera was 95.04%, less than the threshold for distinguishing bacterial genus. The ITS secondary structures also distinguish this strain from the related cyanobacterial genera. Therefore, combined with morphology, 16S rRNA gene sequence, and ITS secondary structures, a novel cyanobacterial genus here as Microcoleusiopsis was established, with the species type as Microcoleusiopsis ganfuensis.
Highlights
The 16S rRNA gene sequences obtained from a single clone of strain collection of Harmful Algae Biology laboratory (CHAB) 4138 were initially screened at the NCBI Website (BLAST), and higher similar reference sequences were downloaded from GenBank database to construct the molecular phylogeny of these two strains
The partial 16S–23S internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences of Microcoleusiopsis ganfuensis CHAB 4138 were obtained with a total length of 761 bp in this study (Table 2), and they were used, together with seven species clones from three genera including Microcoleus, Oscillatoria and Coleofasciculus downloaded from NCBI, to construct the ITS secondary structures
Benthic cyanobacteria can grow in patches on the attached substrates to form algal mats, and they are important primary producers in river and lake communities
Summary
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Based on the combination of morphological, cytomorphological, ecological, and molecular characteristics—has been widely used in characterization and integrated to solve the taxonomic problems of cyanobacteria have been accepted by more and more cyanobacterial researchers, leading to much progress in studies on cyanobacterial diversity [2,3]. There are 112 species of Microcoleus including aquatic and terrestrial species in all database, only 55 species have been accepted taxonomically based on the Algaebase Database up to 2017 (www.algaebase.org, accessed on 13 May 2021) Most species of this genus have typical characteristics of usually simple filaments, densely packed trichomes, isodiametric vegetative cells, strongly constricted cross walls, no calyptra, end cells typically longer than wide, sheaths open at the apex, and crosswise cell division [12]. The polyphasic method based on morphological and molecular and phylogenetic analyses was used to characterize this new isolated cyanobacterium, and results revealed that it represents a novel genus of the family Microcoleaceae. The new genus as Microcoleusiopsis gen. nov and type species as Microcoleusiopsis ganfuensis sp. nov. were described
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