Abstract
The two constitutive heterochromatin (α- and β-satellite DNA) probes of human acrocentric chromosomes were essayed separately to label the nucleoli in the phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated human lymphocytes. Fluorescent in situ hybridisation (FISH) results have shown that: a) whole (100 %) signal–nucleoli overlapping was obtained with both heterochromatin probes in maximally activated nuclei (MANs); b) partial overlapping was observed in non-activated or slightly activated nuclei; c) random signal–nucleolus overlapping (background level) was found to be ∼6 % by the NOR-irrelevant euchromatic probe (D5S23); d) Yq–nucleolus association in the MANs was found to be ∼97 % without the subtraction of the background level. We concluded that: a) acrocentric α- or β-satellite DNA probes may be used as nucleolar markers only in the MANs and not in slightly activated or non-activated nuclei; b) the distances between rDNA loci and α-/β-satellite DNA on human acrocentrics are short enough to permit their observation on the same nucleolus.
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