Erucic acid treatment in lipopolysaccharide-induced anxiety and depression using ADMET properties / behaviour paradigms / interleukins pathways in rats

Abstract

The neuroimmune system plays a vital role in the etiology of anxiety and depression. In the current research, the aim was to investigate erucic acid's ability to counteract depression and anxiety induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in rats. Erucic acid is known to have anti-inflammatory properties, and it was hypothesized that it would be able to reduce the inflammation and stress associated with LPS-induced anxiety and depression. The rats were distributed into five groups (n = 6). The impact of erucic acid with the dose administration of 10 and 20 mg/kg on anxiety depression-like behaviour was studied using the elevated plus maze test, staircase test, marble-burying behaviour, open field test, hyper emotionality, force swimming, and tail suspension test. Also, the biochemical parameters including cytokines i.e., interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-10 were performed. Swiss ADME, pkCSM, and ProTox-II served as as an integrated online platform for precise and complete predictions to determine ADME/T properties of erucic acid. LPS significantly increased anxiety and depression-like behaviour in rats. Erucic acid reduced the lengthening in time of immobility on LPS administration in the tail suspension test and forced swim test indicating the antidepressant type of action. Anti-anxiety effects of erucic acid were increased time spent in the open arms in the elevated plus maze test, decreased repetitive behaviors in the staircase test, marble-burying, and hyper emotionality tests. The high LD50 value (1.382) indicates that erucic acid is relatively non-toxic in acute oral exposures in rats. Erucic acid also prevented LPS-induced elevation of IL-6 and restored the IL-10 levels. It was demonstrated that erucic acid significantly attenuates LPS-induced depression and anxiety in rats. These findings suggest that erucic acid has potential antidepressant and anxiolytic effects, possibly through modulation of the neuroimmune system and inflammatory response. Erucic acid may be beneficial for neuropharmacological effects like anxiety and depression. Additionally, erucic acid may have potential benefits in treating other neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Further research is needed to better understand the potential therapeutic applications of erucic acid in neurological disorders.