Abstract
The equilibrium of nitration of cellulose was studied at 13.1 and 20 °C in aqueous solutions of HNO3 (77.3–80.5 wt.%) forming quasi-homogeneous solutions with cellulose. At 20 °C under quasi-homogeneous conditions, the rates of cellulose nitration are comparable to those of homogeneous nitration of alcohols. The effective nitration constants differ substantially for heterogeneous and homogeneous reactions. Using IR spectra, the partial conversions in the nitration to the 2, 3 and 6 positions of the glucopyranose cycle and the effective equilibrium constants of formation of different isomeric nitrates were estimated.
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