Abstract
In 1793, at the height of the French Revolution and while in hiding from the revolutionary forces which he had once supported, Antoine-Nicolas de Condorcet, a French aristocrat of liberal sensibilities, wrote his Sketch for a Historical Picture of the Progress of the Human Mind. The Sketch is a brilliant if visionary work, a synoptic and evolutionary theory of the development of political and social institutions from the beginning of history to Condorcet's own time. In this work Condorcet set as the ultimate goal of civilization the promotion of a Areal equality which he called the final end of the social art. So thorough-going was Condorcet's conception of equality of condition that he insisted that even the effects of the natural differences between men will be mitigated. Through our political institutions we should be able, he submitted, to eradicate not only the illegitimate affects of social class and economic disparity, but the differential effects of the natural lottery itself.
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